. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 May 23.

Published in final edited form as: Ophthalmology. 2013 Feb 14;120(5):1064–73.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.11.004

Table 3.

Associations between various growth periods and mean spherical equivalent at 15 years (minimum n=4,737)

	Model 1^a		Model 2^b		Model 3^c
	Effect size (95% CI)	p-value	Effect size (95% CI)	p-value	Effect size (95% CI)	p-value

Height: Birth	−0.026 (−0.064, 0.011)	0.174			−0.022 (−0.061, 0.017)	0.273
Height: 0-2 months	−0.036 (−0.074, 0.003)	0.061	−0.033 (−0.086, 0.020)	0.224	−0.032 (−0.096, 0.031)	0.319
Height: 2-11 months	−0.016 (−0.054, 0.021)	0.396	−0.021 (−0.071, 0.029)	0.403	0.017 (−0.043, 0.077)	0.582
Height: 11-32 months	−0.003 (−0.039, 0.034)	0.881	0.009 (−0.029, 0.048)	0.640	0.034 (0.011, 0.080)	0.138
Height 32-120 months	−0.059 (−0.092, −0.027)	<0.0001	−0.071 (−0.111, −0.032)	<0.0001	−0.081 (−0.129, 0.034)	0.001

Weight: Birth	0.022 (−0.015, 0.059)	0.254			0.024 (−0.018, 0.066)	0.257
Weight: 0-4 months	−0.015 (−0.052, 0.022)	0.422	−0.018 (−0.055, 0.019)	0.355	−0.034 (−0.077, 0.010)	0.13
Weight: 4-10 months	−0.032 (−0.068, 0.004)	0.280	0.030 (−0.008, 0.068)	0.125	0.039 (−0.005, 0.082)	0.081
Weight: 10-80 months	−0.030 (−0.062, 0.002)	0.080	−0.047 (−0.085, −0.009)	0.016	−0.006 (−0.055, 0.043)	0.819
Weight 80-120 months	−0.018 (−0.055, 0.019)	0.066	0.002 (−0.053, 0.057)	0.952	0.011 (−0.057, 0.080)	0.740

Weight for height: Birth	0.095 (0.039, 0.152)	0.001			0.079 (0.023, 0.135)	0.006
Weight for height: 0-4 months	0.001 (−0.041, 0.042)	0.983	0.003 (−0.040, 0.045)	0.898	−0.020 (−0.069, 0.030)	0.405
Weight for height: 4-10 months	0.034 (−0.007, 0.075)	0.184	0.061 (0.018, 0.133)	0.005	0.066 (0.012, 0.109)	0.015
Weight for height: 10-80 months	−0.044 (−0.088, −0.001)	0.047	−0.049 (−0.095, −0.003)	0.038	−0.014 (−0.073, 0.046)	0.654
Weight for height: 80-120 months	0.009 (−0.032, 0.049)	0.674	0.031 (−0.026, 0.089)	0.285	0.065 (−0.007, 0.138)	0.078

Adjusted for gender (boy, girl);

Adjusted for gender (boy, girl) and all preceding growth periods;

Adjusted for gender (boy, girl), all preceding growth periods and fat mass (kg) at time of outcome, family social class (I, II, III NM, III M, IV, V), gestation (in weeks), maternal age, breastfeeding duration (Never, 1-4 months, 4+ months), parity (0, 1, 2+), maternal smoking in pregnancy (Yes, No), number of myopic parents (0, 1, 2), time spent reading for pleasure (High, Low), time spent outdoors (High, Low), and ethnicity (white European, other).

Abbreviations: CI – Confidence Interval