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. 2015 Mar 6;2(4):324–333. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.03.001

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6

TUDCA restores ERK phosphorylation, NET formation in neutrophils treated with super-low dose LPS. (A) BM cells were cultured with G-CSF (100 ng/mL) in the presence of either super-low dose (100 pg/mL) or low dose (1 μg/mL) LPS. Some cells were also treated with TUDCA (0.5 mM). The phosphorylation levels of JNK (T183/Y185) or ERK1/2 (T204/Y202) within CD11b+/Ly6G+ neutrophils were analyzed by flow cytometry after 3 d or 3 h respectively. (B) BM cells were cultured with G-CSF (100 ng/mL) in the presence of either super-low dose (100 pg/mL) or low dose (1 μg/mL) LPS for 3 days, and some cells were also treated with TUDCA (0.5 mM). After stimulation with PMA (50 nM) for 3 h, the levels of histone H4 (citrulline 3) within CD11b+/Ly6G+ neutrophils were analyzed by flow cytometry. Quantitative data were shown as means ± SEM from three independently treated samples. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences compared between the indicated groups (*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001).