Table 1.
Summary of Cell Penetrating Peptides (CPPs) color-coded based on classification into three categories: protein-derived (top, pink), chimera (middle, blue), and synthetic (bottom, yellow).
| Peptide | Sequence | Derivation | Total # of charged residues |
Cargo | Alternative Classification |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-1 TAT49–5774,93 | RKKRRQRRR | Human Immunodeficiency Virus | 8 | protein, peptides, siRNA | Non-amphipathic |
| Penetratin94 | RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK | Drosophila homeoprotein antennapedia | 7 | protein, PNA, siRNA | Secondary amphipathic |
| pVEC95 | LLIILRRRIRKQAHAHSK | Murine VE-cadherin | 6 | protein, peptides | Secondary amphipathic |
| VP2296 | NAKTRRHERRRKLAIER | Herpes simplex virus | 8 | protein | Secondary amphipathic |
| Pep-190–92,97 | KETWWETWWTEWSQPKKKRKV | NLS from SV40 T-antigen and a Tryptophan-rich domain | 5 | protein, peptides | Primary amphipathic |
| MPG91,98,99 | GALFLGFLGAAGSTMGAWSQPKKKRKV | Hydrophbic domain from fusion sequence of HIV gp41 and NLS of SV40 T-antigen | 5 | siRNA, plasmids | Primary amphipathic |
| Transportan (TP10)100,101 | AGYLLGKINLKALAALAKKIL | Galanin and mastoparan | 4 | protein, PNA, siRNA | Primary amphipathic |
| M918102 | MVTVLFRRLRIRRACGPPRVRV | Tumor suppressor protein p14ARF | 7 | Proteins, PNA | Secondary amphipathic |
| YTA2103 | YTAIAWVKAFIRKLRK | MMP cleavage site | 5 | small molecules | Secondary amphipathic |
| YTA4103 | IAWVKAFIRKLRKGPLG | MMP cleavage site | 5 | small molecules | Secondary amphipathic |
| MAP104,105 | KLALKLALKALKAALKLA | Synthetic | 5 | small molecules, plasmids | Secondary amphipathic |
| Polyarginine83,84,89,106 | R5–15 | HIV-1 TAT | 5–15 | protein, peptides, siRNA | Non-amphipathic |
| CADY107,108 | GLWRALWRLLRSLWRLLWRA | Derived from PPTG1 peptide | 5 | protein, peptides, siRNA | Secondary amphipathic |