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. 2015 Aug;136(2):221–231. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-0883

APPENDIX.

Responses to Knowledge and Demand Questions Among Parents in 2000 Versus 2013 for Medicaid and Commercial Insurance, Weighted

Medicaid Insurance Commercial Insurance
2000, N (%) 2013, N (%) P 2000, N (%) 2013, N (%) P
Total knowledge
 1. How often are antibiotics needed for sore throat? Sometimes or almost never 211 (83) 126 (80) NS 680 (90) 173 (94) NS
 2. How often are antibiotics needed for colds or flu? Almost never 109 (45) 69 (44) NS 560 (74) 142 (78) NS
 3. How often are antibiotics needed for ear infection? Almost always or sometimes 244 (96) 139 (87) <.01 740 (96) 176 (94) NS
 4. How often are antibiotics needed for runny nose or green nasal discharge? Almost never 56 (22) 50 (32) .02 176 (23) 91 (49) <.01
 5. How often are antibiotics needed for deep cough or bronchitis? Almost never 13 (5) 19 (12) <.01 66 (9) 26 (14) .02
 6. How often are antibiotics needed for middle ear fluid? Sometimes or almost never 74 (29) 66 (43) <.01 337 (44) 104 (56) <.01
 7. How often are antibiotics needed for strep throat? Almost always 232 (90) 110 (71) <.01 684 (89) 162 (87) NS
 8. Are most colds caused by bacteria or viruses? Virus 165 (61) 98 (61) NS 610 (81) 163 (86) NS
 9. Are antibiotics helpful in treating bacteria, viruses, or both? Bacterial 137 (51) 60 (38) <.01 552 (73) 137 (72) NS
 10. If my child does not receive an antibiotic for cold, will he or she be sick for a longer time? Disagree or strongly disagree 131 (48) 82 (51) NS 527 (69) 138 (73) NS
High antibiotic expectation
 1. I will take my child to another doctor. Strongly agree or agree 28 (10) 40 (25) <.01 59 (8) 19 (10) NS
 2. If I expect an antibiotic, I am less satisfied if I don’t receive one. Strongly agree or agree 26 (10) 39 (24) <.01 109 (14) 29 (15) NS
 3. I would rather give my child an antibiotic than wait and see. Strongly agree or agree 25 (9) 30 (19) <.01 62 (8) 11 (6) NS