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. 2015 Feb 1;4(3):308–317. doi: 10.1002/open.201402123

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© 2014 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Scheme 5 — Nucleophilic aromatic substitution of p-halonitrobenzenes (12). Reagents and conditions: a) DMSO; conventional conditions: 190 °C, 2 min; microwave irradiation: 190 °C (300 W), 2 min. Result: acceleration rate=3.2.