Index

A

• A1C. See Hemoglobin A_1c (A1C)

• ACCA. See American Clinical and Climatological Association (ACCA)

• ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) study

  • on glycemic targets in diabetes care, 62–76

    • discussion, 75–76
    • introduction, 62–63
    • post hoc analyses from, 68–70, 69t, 71t
    • temporally associated studies, 67–68
    • in type 2 diabetes, 70, 72
  • on type 2 diabetes treatment goal, 72
  • type 2 diabetes treatment target studies prior to, 65–67
• Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

  • GWI related to, 244

• Action in Diabetes and Vascular Diseases–Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE), 68

• Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study, 62–76. See also ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) study

• Acute pain

  • causes of, 169

• ADA. See American Diabetes Association (ADA)

• Adams, John Quincy, Pres., 4

• ADCC. See Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)

• Adipokine(s)

  • pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties of, 232
• Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), 121–122

  • HTLV-1 and, 121–122

• ADVANCE. See Action in Diabetes and Vascular Diseases–Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE)

• African Americans

  • JSN in, 80
  • OA in

    • in North Carolina, 77–86. See also Osteoarthritis (OA)

• Age of Oak, 4–5

• Age of onset

  • of SLE, 185
• Aging

  • OA related to, 78

• AGS. See Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome (AGS)

• Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome (AGS), 187–188

• Air National Guard

  • GWI in, 240–241

• Albutt, Clifford, 177–178

• Alpert, Joseph S.: Jeremiah Metzger and the era of heliotherapy, 219–226

• Alsberg, Carl, 34

• Alzheimer disease

  • inflammatory factors in, 233
  • prevalence of, 230

• Amberson, Lames Burns, Jr., 150–151, 150f

• AME-B, 89

• AME-D

  • improving therapeutic impact of, 89

• American Clinical and Climatological Association (ACCA), 151

• American College of Cardiology

  • on type 2 diabetes treatment goal, 72
• American College of Endocrinology

  • on type 2 diabetes treatment goal, 72
• American Diabetes Association (ADA)

  • on type 1 diabetes management, 65
  • on type 2 diabetes treatment goal, 72
• American Heart Association

  • on type 2 diabetes treatment goal, 72
• American Psychiatric Association

  • on SSD, 172
• Analgesics

  • in chronic pain management, 177

• Anderson, John F., 36

• Angel Oak, 1–8, 1f, 6f

• Animal Care and Usage Committee

  • of Oregon Health and Science University, 47
• Annexin(s)

  • described, 144–145
• Annexin A2

  • biology of, 144–155

    • introduction, 144–145
  • described, 144
  • discussion, 155
  • intracellular, 148–149
  • partner proteins with, 145–146
  • in proliferative retinal angiopathy, 148
  • S100 proteins and, 145–146
• Annexin A2 complex

  • on cell surface, 146–147, 146f
  • in hemostasis, 147–148

• ANS, Se Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

• Anthrax vaccine

  • in GWI, 240
• Anti-lymphoma monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)

  • improving therapeutic impact of, 87–92. See also Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)
• Anti-Zeist hypotheses

  • of pellagra, 28, 30
• Antibody(ies)

  • monoclonal. See Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)
• Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)

  • as mechanism of action for antitumor mAbs, 88
  • of rituximab, 87–90
• Antidepressant(s)

  • in chronic pain management, 177

• Aristotle, 57

• Arizona State (psychiatric) Hospital, 223, 227

• Arousal

  • chronic pain related to, 175–176

• ATL. See Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL)

• Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

  • in chronic pain, 176

B

• Babcock, James Woods, 23–24, 23f, 28–30, 34, 35, 37

• Bacon, Francis, 57

• Bacteria

  • cancer due to, 118

• Bainbridge, David, 3

• Balanoculture, 3

• balanos, 3

• Baltimore, David, 119

• Baman, Timir: Project My Heart Your Heart: an idea whose time has come, 158–166

• Banquet Speakers, 216–217

• Barde, Yves-Alain, 9

• Barsky, Arthur J., 171

• Bartels, Christie M.: Why is John more likely to become department chair than Jennifer?, 197–214

• BDBV. See Bundibugyo virus (BDBV)

• BDNF. See Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)

• bdnf gene, 11

  • SNP within, 13

• Beall degerminator, 20–21

• Bellevue Chest Service, 151

• Bert and Peggy DuPont Lecture

  • background of, 215

• Bert and Peggy DuPont Lectures, 217

• Bias(es)

  • gender

    • as habit that can be broken, 204–205, 205f

• Billings, Frederic T.: President's Address: Quercus oak: a perspective, 1–8, 1f, 6f, 7f

• Billings, Susan, 1f, 5

• BL. See Burkitt's lymphoma (BL)

• “Black tongue”

  • in dogs, 39
• Bladder

  • irritable, 170
• Bladder cancer

  • shistosomiasis and, 118

• Blalock, Alfred, 258

• Blood pressure

  • measurement of, 47–48
  • potassium effects on, 46–55. See also Potassium, blood pressure effects of

• Blue, Rupert, 20–45, 33f

• Body

  • brain and, 171–173, 173f

• Boland, Edward W., 171

• Borus, Jonathan F., 171

• Bradley, P., 264

• Brain

  • body and, 171–173, 173f
• Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 9–19

  • binding to TrkB, 10
  • described, 9–10
  • discovery of, 9–11
  • discussion, 18–19
  • functions of, 10–11
  • historical background of, 9–10
  • mature

    • biological actions of, 10
    • identification of activities of, 9–11
    • ratio to pro-BDNF, 11–12
  • in modulating synaptic function of neurons, 10
  • NGF relationship to, 10
  • pro-, 10–12. See also pro-BDNF
  • prodomain of, 12–13
  • transport of, 10
• Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression

  • regulation of, 11
• Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) polymorphism

  • Val66Met, 13–15, 14f, 15f
• Brincidofovir

  • in Ebola virus management, 101

• British Medical Journal, 40

• Bryan, Charles S.: Pellagra pre-Goldberger: Rupert Blue, Fleming Sandwith, and the “vitamine hypothesis,” 20–45. See also Pellagra

• Bryant, Charlie, 2

• Bundibugyo virus (BDBV), 94

• Bureau of Chemistry

  • of US Department of Agriculture, 34

• Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), 119, 120

• Burrow, Gerard N.: Memorial, lxxxii–lxxxiv

• Buse, John B.: Glycemic targets in diabetes care: emerging clarity after ACCORD, 62–76. See also ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) study, on glycemic targets in diabetes care; Diabetes mellitus

C

• “Can Pellagra Be a Disease due to Deficiency of Nutrition?”, 34

• Cancer(s). See also specific types

  • bladder

    • shistosomiasis and, 118
  • cervical

    • HPVs and, 117, 124
  • gastric

    • in rodents

      • parasites and, 117–118
  • head and neck

    • HPVs and, 124
  • Helicobacter pylori and, 118
  • HIV and, 117
  • HPVs related to, 117, 123–126
  • human

    • viruses and, 118–126, 120t
  • human polyomarviruses and, 122–123
  • infectious disease causes of, 117–132

    • ATL, 121–122
    • bacteria, 118
    • discussion, 130–132
    • EBV, 119–121, 120t
    • HPVs, 123–126
    • HTLV-1, 121–122
    • human polyomarviruses, 122–123
    • introduction, 117–118
    • KSHV, 122
    • parasites, 118
    • viruses, 118–126, 120t. See also specific types
  • inflammatory factors in, 233–234
  • liver

    • Opisthorchis felineus and, 118
    • viral causes of, 121
  • oropharyngeal

    • HPVs and, 124
  • personalized medicine related to, 133–143. See also Genomics-based medicine; Personalized medicine
  • prevalence of, 230
  • treatment of

    • mAbs in, 87–92. See also specific types and Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)
• Cardiovascular disease

  • inflammatory factors in, 231–232
  • prevalence of, 230
• Career influences of male and female physicians and scientists

  • gender stereotypes and, 197–214. See also Gender stereotypes

• Carnes, Molly: Why is John more likely to become department chair than Jennifer?, 197–214

• Carpenter, Chuck, 2

• Casál, Gaspar, 26

• Caucasians

  • OA in

    • in North Carolina, 77–86. See also Osteoarthritis (OA)
• C3b component

  • of complement, 90
• CD16

  • in IgG receptors, 88–90

• CD20, 89

• CDC. See Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

• Celsus, 248

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 30

  • GWI definition by, 238
  • in JoCoOA project, 78
  • on PPE, 97
• Central pain amplification

  • defined, 167
• Cervarix

  • for HPVs, 124
• Cervical cancer

  • HPVs and, 117, 124

• Chang, Yuan, 122, 123

• Charcoal

  • wood vs., 3

• Chi, Yuling: The prostaglandin transporter: eicosanoid reuptake, control of signaling, and development of high-affinity inhibitors as drug candidates, 248–257

• Cholangiocarcinoma

  • liver flukes and, 118
• Cholesterol esters

  • lipidomic study of HFHCD–induced mouse model of NAFLD effects on, 278, 279f

• Christy, Nicholas Pierson: Memorial, lxxxv–lxxxvii

• Chronic diseases

  • chronic liver disease, 272
  • immune modulators and, 230–236. See also specific diseases
  • inflammation and, 230–236. See also specific diseases

• Chronic headache, 170

• Chronic liver disease

  • NAFLD and, 272
• Chronic pain, 167–183

  • ANS in, 176
  • arousal and, 175–176
  • classification of, 169–170, 170f
  • defined, 167–169
  • described, 167–169
  • discussion, 181–183
  • environmental triggers for, 173–175, 175f
  • experience of

    • historical view of, 171–173, 173f
  • fibromyalgia and, 170, 176
  • genetic risk for, 173–175, 175f
  • HPA axis in, 176
  • intrusive nature of, 167, 168f
  • regional, 169–170
  • self-regulation in, 176–177
  • stress and, 175–176
  • temporomandibular disorders and, 170, 176
  • treatment of, 177–179, 178f

    • pharmacologic, 177–178
    • self-regulation in, 176–177
  • types of, 169–170, 170f

• Chronic regional pain, 169–170

• CLIAs. See Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIAs)

• Clifton, James A., III: Memorial, lxxxviii–xci

• Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIAs), 141

• Clinical medicine

  • how and when to apply omics-based tests in, 138–139

• “Clinical Studies of the Healing of Tuberculosis: I. Absorption of Pulmonary Deposits,” 151

• CMC. See Complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC)

• Cobb, Glenn, 2

• Cohen, Stanley, 9

• Collier, Virginia, 2

• Columbia's College of Physicians and Surgeons, 151

• Complement

  • activation of, 87–88
  • C3b component of, 90
  • negative impact of, 88
• Complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC)

  • of rituximab, 87
• Computer-assisted learning

  • in meeting challenges of medical education, 262
• COMT gene

  • chronic pain related to, 174

• Confucius, 267

• CP02 CryoPrep Dry Pulverization System, 274

• Crawford, Thomas C.: Project My Heart Your Heart: an idea whose time has come, 158–166

• Crofford, Leslie T.: Chronic pain: where the body meets the brain, 167–183

• Crow, Mary K.: Identification of candidate predictors of lupus flare, 184–196

• CSS Virginia, 4

• Cumming, Hugh, 21

• Cystitis

  • interstitial, 170

D

• DAGs. See Diacylglycerols (DAGs)

• DCCT. See Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)

• DCT. See Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

• DCT1. See Distal convoluted tubule 1 (DCT1)

• DCT2. See Distal convoluted tubule 2 (DCT2)

• “Deep sequencing,” 135

• Del Rio, Carlos: Ebola: implications and perspectives, 93–112

• Densen, Peter: Memorial: James A. Clifton, III, lxxxviii–xci

• Department of Defense

  • on GWI, 243

• Desert Sanitorium, 223, 227

• Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), 63–65

• Diabetes mellitus

  • prevalence of, 230
  • type 1

    • inflammatory factors in, 232–233
    • management of

      • ADA on, 65
    • treatment targets in, 63–65
  • type 2

    • discussion, 75–76
    • glycemic targets in, 62–76. See also ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) study, on glycemic targets in diabetes care
    • treatment target studies in

      • prior to ACCORD, 65–67

• Diabetes Mellitus Insulin Glucose Infusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction trial, 67

• Diacylglycerols (DAGs)

  • lipidomic study of HFHCD–induced mouse model of NAFLD effects on, 278, 279f
• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. (DSM-5)

  • on SSD, 172
• Digital games

  • in meeting challenges of medical education, 263

• Dioscorides, 248

• “Disease of the red rash,” 26

• Distal convoluted tubule (DCT), 46–47

• Distal convoluted tubule 1 (DCT1), 46–47

• Distal convoluted tubule 2 (DCT2), 46–47

• Divisions of Infectious Diseases

  • at University of Maryland, 156
• Dog(s)

  • “black tongue” in, 39

• DSM-5. See Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. (DSM-5)

• Dubois, Raymond N., 2

• Dubois, Raymond N.: Jeremiah Metzger Lecture: Inflammation, immune modulators, and chronic disease, 230–236

• DuPont, Herbert (Bert) L., 215

• DuPont, Margaret (Peggy) W., 215

• Dyslipidemia

  • HFHCD effects on, 276, 276t

E

• E6 protein

  • high-risk HPVs related to, 125–126

• Eagle, Kim A.: Project My Heart Your Heart: an idea whose time has come, 158–166

• E6A protein, 126

• E7 protein

  • high-risk HPVs related to, 125–126

• Ebers Papyrus, 248

• Ebola virus, 93–112

  • applications and perspectives, 93–112
  • clinical features of, 97–98
  • described, 94–95
  • diagnosis of, 98–99
  • discussion, 105–112
  • epidemiology of, 95–96
  • introduction, 93–94
  • Kikwit outbreak of 1995, 96
  • laboratory features of, 98–99
  • laboratory results, 97–98
  • management of, 101–102

    • PPE in, 96–97
  • Marburg and, 94, 96
  • pathogenesis of, 99–101
  • pathology of, 99–101
  • reservoir for, 95
  • species of, 94
  • transmission of, 96–97
  • 2014 outbreak in West Africa, 93–112. See also Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa
  • vaccines for, 102
• Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa, 93–112. See also Ebola virus

  • introduction, 93–94
  • possibility of, 93–94
• Ebolavirus test

  • in Ebola virus diagnosis, 98–99

• EBOV. See Zaïre ebolavirus (EBOV)

• EBV. See Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

• EDIC study. See Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study

• Education Amendment to the Civili Rights Act, 198

• “Edward L. Trudeau: Pioneer Climatologist,” 156

• EGAPP initiative. See Evaluation of Genomic Applications in Practice and Prevention (EGAPP) initiative

• Eicosanoid(s)

  • lipidomic study of HFHCD–induced mouse model of NAFLD effects on, 281–282, 282f
• Eicosanoid analysis

  • in lipidomic study of NAFLD progression in diet-induced mouse model, 275

• ElderQuest, 263

• Eliot, T.S., 58

• Ellison, David H.: Why your mother was right: how potassium intake reduces blood pressure, 46–55

• ENaC. See Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)

• Engle, Mary Allen

  • background of, 258
• Enteritis

  • infectious

    • IBS related to, 174–175
• Environmental factors

  • chronic pain related to, 173–175, 175f

• Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study, 64

• Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), 47

• Epstein, Anthony, 119

• Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), 119–121, 120t

• Ericson, John, 4

• Evaluation of Genomic Applications in Practice and Prevention (EGAPP) initiative, 138

F

• Father of the Scientific Method, 57

• “Father of tropical medicine,” 27–28, 27f

• Favipiravir

  • in Ebola virus management, 101
• Fc-gamma receptor III (FcγRIII)

  • in IgG receptors, 88–90
• Fc-gamma receptor III (FcγRIII) polymorphism

  • changing of, 88–89

• FcγRIII. See Fc-gamma receptor III (FcγRIII)

• Fibiger, Joannes, 117

• Fibromyalgia

  • chronic pain and, 170, 176
• Filoviruses

  • morphology of, 94–95

• Fins, Joseph J.: Memorial: Edmund D. Pellegrino, cii–cix

• Finsen Institute

  • Copenhagen, 221

• Finsen, Niels Ryberg, 219–221

• Fitzgerald, Faith: Medicine: the greatest of humanities, 56–61

• Flavivirus, 121

• Flies

  • Simulium

    • pellagra from, 28, 35, 39, 40
• Florida State University College of Medicine

  • digital games at, 263
• Folch lipid extraction

  • modified, 274
• Food and Drug Administration, 34

  • on obinutuzumab, 90

• Freud, Sigmund, 223

• Funk, Casimir, 20, 22, 31–34, 37, 39

G

• Galen, 57, 248

• Gardasil

  • for HPVs, 124–125

• Garrison, Philip E., 31

• Gastric cancer

  • in rodents

    • parasites and, 117–118
• Gender

  • as factor in SLE, 184
• Gender bias

  • as habit that can be broken, 204–205, 205f
• Gender norms

  • experience of leadership for medical residents related to, 201–204
• Gender stereotypes

  • career influences of male and female physicians and scientists related to, 197–214

    • discussion, 209–214
    • introduction, 197–199
  • as habit that can be broken, 204–205, 205f
  • medical students may be socialized toward specialties that align with, 199–201, 199f
  • MSPEs and, 200
  • norms of, 201–204
• Genetics

  • chronic pain related to, 173–175, 175f
  • in SLE, 186–189
• Genomics-based medicine, 133–143. See also Personalized medicine

  • discussion, 142–143
  • omics-based tests in, 136–138, 137f
  • omics in, 135–136, 136f
  • semantic primer related to, 134–139, 136f, 137f
  • tumor marker tests in, 134–135
• GlaxoSmithKline, 124

  • Ebola virus vaccine from, 102
• Glycation

  • defined, 63
• Glycemic targets

  • in type 2 diabetes mellitus, 62–76. See also ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) study, on glycemic targets in diabetes care; Diabetes mellitus, type 2

• Goldberg, Richard: Memorial: Ernest L. Mazzaferri, Sr., xcix–ci

• Goldberger, Joseph, 20–23, 22f, 35–40

• Goodpasture, E.W., 150

• Google Glass

  • at UCSF School of Medicine, 265–266
  • at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 265–266

• Gordon Wilson Lecture: Howley, Peter M.: Infectious disease causes of cancer: opportunities for prevention and treatment, 117–132

• Gordon Wilson Lectures, 114–116

• Gordon Wilson Memorial Lecture, 113

• Greer, David S.: Memorial, xcii–xcv

• Gross, Ludwig, 119

• Guarner, Jeannette: Ebola: implications and perspectives, 93–112

• Gulf War. See also Gulf War Illness (GWI)

  • dates of, 237–238
  • number of troups deployed during, 238
  • PTSD related to, 242
  • reasons for, 237
• Gulf War Illness (GWI), 237–247. See also Gulf War

  • Air National Guard and, 240–241
  • causes of, 239–240, 239t

    • acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, 244
    • insecticides, 244
    • PB, 239t, 240, 244
    • research into, 240–243
  • clinical presentation of, 238–239
  • definitions of

    • CDC, 238
    • Kansas definition, 238
  • deployment experiences related to, 241
  • described, 238, 243
  • discussion, 243–244, 246–247
  • epidemiology of, 239
  • introduction, 237–238
  • investigation of

    • problems associated with, 240–243
  • IOM on, 238, 242, 244
  • numbers of veterans with, 237, 239
  • PB and, 239t, 240, 244
  • potential exposures causing, 239–240, 239t
  • symptoms of, 238
  • treatment for, 243
  • US Department of Defense on, 243
  • in US Navy Seabees, 241
  • “variants” of, 239
• Gulf War Seabees

  • GWI in, 241

• Guze, Phyllis A.: Using technology to meet the challenges of medical education, 260–270

• GWI. See Gulf War Illness (GWI)

H

• Hajjar, Katherine A.: The biology of annexin A2: from vascular fibrinolysis to innate immunity, 144–155

• Hamberger, Victor, 9

• Hamilton Microlab Star robot, 274

• Haptic systems, 264

• Hayes, Daniel F.: Personalized medicine: genomic trials in oncology, 133–143

• Hayne, James Adams, 37

• HBV. See Hepatitis B virus (HBV)

• HBZ. See HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ)

• HCC. See Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

• HCV. See Hepatitis C virus (HCV)

• Head and neck cancers

  • HPVs and, 124
• Headache(s)

  • chronic, 170
• Helicobacter pylori

  • cancer due to, 118
• Heliotherapy, 219–226

  • beneficial effect of, 225
  • era of, 219–226
  • indications for, 225
  • precautions with, 225
  • in TB patients, 223–224, 224t

• Hemoglobin A_1c (A1C), 63–64

• Hemostasis

  • annexin A2 complex in, 147–148

• Hempe, J.M., 70

• Hempstead, Barbara L.: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: three ligands, many actions, 9–19

• Hench, Philip S., 171

• Hendrix, Thomas Russell: Memorial, xcvi–xcviii

• Hepatitis B virus (HBV), 120t, 121

• Hepatitis C virus (HCV), 120t, 121

• Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

  • infectious disease causes of, 120t, 121
• Herpesvirus(es)

  • Kaposi's sarcoma–associated, 122

• HFHCD. See High-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD)

• High-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD)

  • in diet-induced mouse model of NAFLD progression, 271–288. See also Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

    • dyslipidemia related to, 276, 276t
    • insulin levels related to, 276, 276t
    • obesity related to, 276, 276t
    • progressive NAFLD related to, 277–278, 277f

• Hillis, L. David, 258

• Hippocrates, 248

• HIV

  • cancer due to, 117

• HMS Royal George, 4

• Hochberg, Marc C.: Memorial: Thomas Russell Hendrix, xcvi–xcviii

• Hominids, 3

• Hopkins, Frederick Gowland, 34

• Howard, John Eager, 227

• Howley, Peter M.: Gordon Wilson Lecture: Infectious disease causes of cancer: opportunities for prevention and treatment, 117–132

• HPA axis. See Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis

• HPVs. See Human papillomaviruses (HPVs)

• HSV8. See Human herpesvirus 8 (HSV8)

• 5-HT transporter (SLC6A4) gene, 174

• HTLV-1. See Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)

• HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ), 122

• HTR2A gene, 174

• Hughes, Jim, 2

• Human herpesvirus 8 (HSV8), 122

• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

  • cancer due to, 117
• Human papillomaviruses (HPVs)

  • cancer related to, 117, 123–126
  • described, 123
  • high-risk

    • therapeutic target for, 125–126
  • research on, 123–124
  • vaccines for, 124–125
• Human polyomarviruses

  • cancer related to, 122–123
• Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), 121–122

  • ATL and, 121–122
• Humanity(ies)

  • medicine as greatest, 56–61

• Hurricane Gustav, 2

• Hurricane Hugo, 5

• Hurricane Katrina, 5

• 5-Hydroxytryptamin receptor 2A (HTR2A) gene, 174

• Hygienic Laboratory, 30, 36, 39

• “Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy,” 251

• Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis

  • in chronic pain, 176

I

• IBS. See Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

• IFN. See Interferon (IFN)

• IgG receptors. See Immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptors

• Illinois Pellagra Commission, 30, 31

• Immune cells

  • in inflammatory process, 230

• Immune effector cells, 87

• Immune modulators

  • chronic diseases related to, 230–236. See also specific diseases
• Immunity

  • acquired, 230–231
• Immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptors

  • FcγRIII in, 88–90
  • polymorphisms in, 88

• Index Medicus, 30, 36

• Infection hypothesis

  • of pellagra, 38t
• Infectious agents

  • cancer related to, 117–132. See also Cancer, infectious disease causes of

• Infectious Diseases Society of America, 156

• Infectious enteritis

  • IBS related to, 174–175
• Inflammation

  • chronic

    • chronic diseases related to, 230–236. See also specific diseases

      • Alzheimer disease, 233
      • cancer, 233–234
      • cardiovascular disease, 231–232
      • discussion, 234–236
      • introduction, 230–231
      • metabolic disease, 232
      • type 1 diabetes mellitus, 232–233
  • described, 230
• Inflammatory process

  • immune cells in, 230
• Insecticides

  • GWI related to, 244
• Institute of Medicine (IOM)

  • on GWI, 242, 244
  • on GWI definition, 238
• Insulin levels

  • HFHCD effects on, 276, 276t

• Internal Review Board of Oregon Health and Science University, 48

• International Association for the Study of Pain, 167

• International Center for Medical Research and Training, 156

• Interstitial cystitis/irritable bladder, 170

• Intracellular annexin A2, 148–149

• IOM. See Institute of Medicine (IOM)

• Irritable bladder, 170

• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), 170

  • after infectious enteritis, 174–175
  • chronic pain related to, 174–175

• Isaac, Carol: Why is John more likely to become department chair than Jennifer?, 197–214

J

• Jennings, Allan, 35

• Jeremiah Metzger Lecture

  • background of, 227

• Jeremiah Metzger Lecture: Dubois, Raymond N.: Inflammation, immune modulators, and chronic disease, 230–236

• Jeremiah Metzger Lectures, 228–229

• JoCo OA. See Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project (JoCoOA)

• Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 150

• Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project (JoCoOA), 77–86. See also Osteoarthritis (OA)

  • CDC on, 78
  • described, 77–79
  • design of, 78
  • discussion, 82–83, 85–86
  • funding of, 78
  • methods, 79–80
  • National Institutes of Health on, 78
  • results, 80–81
• Joint space narrowing (JSN)

  • in African Americans, 80

• Jones, E., 242–243

• Jordan, Joanne M.: An ongoing assessment of osteoarthritis in African Americans and Caucasians in North Carolina: the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project, 77–86

• Journal of the American Medical Association, 30

• JSN. See Joint space narrowing (JSN)

K

• Kansas definition

  • of GWI, 238

• Kaposi, Moritz, 122

• Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), 122

• Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV), 122

• Kashin-Beck disease, 81

• Kikwit EBOV outbreak (1995), 96

• Kirou, Kyriakes A.: Identification of candidate predictors of lupus flare, 184–196

• Kolehmainen, Christine: Why is John more likely to become department chair than Jennifer?, 197–214

• KS. See Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)

• KSHV. See Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV)

• Kumamoto study, 66, 72

L

• Lady Long Fingers, 5, 7f

• Lancet, 40

• Landsberg, Lewis: Memorial: Gerard N. Burrow, lxxxii–lxxxiv

• Lane, L.J., 264

• Lavinder, Claude, 28–30, 29f, 35–36

• Leaf canopy

  • in Baton Rouge, 2

• “Leaf hairs,” 2

• Learning

  • computer-assisted

    • in meeting challenges of medical education, 262
• Leukemia

  • adult T-cell, 121–122

    • HTLV-1 and, 121–122

• Levi-Montalcini, Rita, 9

• Leysin Sanitorium, 221, 222, 224

• Linden Lab, 265

• LINDSAY Virtual Human Project, 265

• Lipid(s)

  • abnormalities of

    • in NAFLD, 272
  • analysis of

    • in lipidomic study of NAFLD progression in diet-induced mouse model, 274–275
  • metabolism of

    • liver in, 272
  • in NASH genesis, 272
• Lipidomics

  • in NAFLD progression in diet-induced mouse model, 271–288. See also Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NFALD), progression in diet-induced mouse model of, lipidomic study of

• Live Oak Society, 5

• Liver

  • in lipid metabolism, 272
  • nonalcoholic fatty, 272
• Liver cancer

  • Opisthorchis felineus and, 118
  • viral causes of, 121
• Liver disease(s)

  • chronic

    • NAFLD and, 272
  • nonalcoholic fatty. See Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NFALD)
• Liver flukes

  • cholangiocarcinoma related to, 118

• Locke Breaux Oak, 5

• Lombroso, Cesare, 26, 32

• London School of Tropical Medicine, 27, 27f, 40

• Loomis Sanitorium, 150–151

• Lu, Run: The prostaglandin transporter: eicosanoid reuptake, control of signaling, and development of high-affinity inhibitors as drug candidates, 248–257

• Lung MAP trial, 141

• Lymphoma(s)

  • Burkitt's, 119, 120

M

• mAbs. See Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)

• Mackowiak, Connie, 1f, 5

• Mackowiak, Phil, 1f, 5

• MacNeal, Ward J., 31, 37, 39–40

• Madame Grands Doigts, 5, 7f

• Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell monolayer

  • PGT targeted in, 249–250, 252

• mal de la rosa, 26

• Manson, Patrick, Sir, 27–28, 27f

• MAP trial. See Squamous Cell Lung Cancer Master Protocol (MAP) trial

• Marburg

  • Ebola virus and, 94, 96

• Marshal, Barry, 118

• Mary Allen Engle Award, 258

  • recipients of, 259

• Marzari, Giovanni Battista, 26

• “Massive parallel sequencing,” 135

• MATCH trial, 141

• Mazzaferri, Ernest L., Sr.: Memorial, xcix–ci

• MCC. See Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC)

• McConnell, Harvey E., 25f

• McFadden, John Howard, 31

• McPhee, John, 8

• MDCK cell monolayer. See Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell monolayer

• Medical education

  • challenges of, 261t

    • technology in meeting, 260–270

      • advantages of, 266t
      • computer-assisted learning, 262
      • digital games, 263
      • discussion, 266–267, 269–270
      • introduction, 260–262, 261t
      • mobile devices, 262
      • PDAs, 262
      • simulation, 263–265, 263t
      • types of, 260, 262–266, 263t. See also specific types, e.g., Mobile devices
      • wearable technologies, 265–266

• Medical student performance evaluation (MSPEs), 200

• Medicine

  • as greatest of humanities, 56–61
• Memorials

  • Burrow, Gerard N., lxxxii–lxxxiv
  • Christy, Nicholas Pierson, lxxxv–lxxxvii
  • Clifton, James A., III, lxxxviii–xci
  • Greer, David S., xcii–xcv
  • Hendrix, Thomas Russell, xcvi–xcviii
  • Mazzaferri, Ernest L., Sr., xcix–ci
  • Pellegrino, Edmund D., cii–cix

• Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), 123

• Met prodomain

  • as independent ligand

    • identification of, 13–15, 14f, 15f
• Metabolic disease

  • inflammatory factors in, 232
• Metzger, Jeremiah

  • background of, 221–223, 222f, 227
  • era of heliotherapy and, 219–226. See also Heliotherapy

• Miller, George N., 31

• Minimally Invasive Surgery Trainer–Virtual Reality (MIST VR), 264–265

• MIST VR (Minimally Invasive Surgery Trainer–Virtual Reality), 264–265

• Mobile devices

  • in meeting challenges of medical education, 262
• Monitor

  • defined, 5
• Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)

  • anti-lymphoma

    • improving therapeutic impact of, 87–92

      • discussion, 91–92
  • antitumor

    • ADCC as mechanism of action for, 88

• Moore, Patrick, 122, 123

• MSPEs. See Medical student performance evaluation (MSPEs)

• Mt. Vernon Hospital for the Colored Insane, 23

• Mull, Shane R.: Pellagra pre-Goldberger: Rupert Blue, Fleming Sandwith, and the “vitamine hypothesis,” 20–45. See also Pellagra

• Murray, Jock, 57

N

• NaCl cotransporter (NCC), 47–51, 49f–51f

• NAFL. See Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL)

• NAFLD. See Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

• NASH. See Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)

• National Association for the Study of Pellagra, 30, 32, 37

• National Cancer Institute (NCI), 119, 141

• National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 78

• National Hygienic Laboratory, 30, 36, 39

• National Institutes of Health, 30

  • in JoCoOA project, 78

• National Resource Defense Council, 2

• Natural killer (NK) cells, 87

• Naval Act of 1794, 4

• Naval Live Oaks Area, 4

• Navy Gideon Wells, 4

• NCC. See NaCl cotransporter (NCC)

• NCI. See National Cancer Institute (NCI)

• Neck cancer

  • HPVs and, 124
• Nerve growth factor (NGF), 9

  • BDNF relationship to, 10
  • function of, 9
  • pro-, 12, 13

• Nettleman, Mary: Gulf War Illness: challenges persist, 237–247

• Neuron(s)

  • synaptic function of

    • BDNF in modulation of, 10

• Neuropathic pain, 169

• Neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH), 64

• New York Post-Graduate Medical School, 30, 31

• “Next-generation sequencing (NGS)”, 135

• NGF. See Nerve growth factor (NGF)

• NGS. See “Next-generation sequencing (NGS)”

• Niacin

  • deficiency of, 20
  • forms of, 20, 21f
• Nicotinamide

  • derivation of, 20, 21f
• Nicotinic acid

  • derivation of, 20, 21f

• NK cells. See Natural killer (NK) cells

• NLRP3 inflammasome, 233

• Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), 272

• Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

  • abnormalities in lipid classes in, 272
  • chronic liver disease due to, 272
  • clinical-histological phenotype of, 272
  • histological hallmark of, 272
  • progression in diet-induced mouse model of

    • lipidomic study of, 271–288

      • cholesterol esters changes, 278, 279f
      • DAGs changes, 278, 279f
      • discussion, 282–285, 287–288
      • dyslipidemia as result of HFHCD, 276, 276t
      • eicosanoids in, 281–282, 282f
      • analysis of, 275
      • goal of, 273
      • HFHCD in, 273
      • histology in, 275
      • insulin levels as result of HFHCD, 276, 276t
      • introduction, 272–273
      • limitations of, 284
      • lipid analysis in, 274–275
      • materials and methods, 273–276
      • obesity as result of HFHCD, 276, 276t
      • phospholipids, 278–280, 279f
      • progressive NAFLD results of HFHCD, 277–278, 277f
      • results of, 276–282, 276t, 277f, 279f–282f
      • serum biochemistry profile in, 274
      • sphingolipids, 280–281, 280f, 281f
      • statistical analysis in, 276
    • previous studies, 284

• Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), 272

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

  • synthesis of

    • PGs blocked by, 249
• North Carolina

  • OA in African Americans and Caucasians in, 77–86. See also Osteoarthritis (OA)

• Novy, Frederick, 31

• NPH. See Neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH)

• NSAIDs. See Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

• Nutritional deficiency hypothesis

  • of pellagra, 38t

O

• OA. See Osteoarthritis (OA)

• Oak-hulled ships, 4

• Oak trees. See also Southern live oak tree; Wood

  • described, 1–2, 1f
  • perspective on, 1–8, 1f, 6f, 7f
  • species of, 5
• Obesity

  • HFHCD effects on, 276, 276t
  • OA related to, 78
• Obinutuzumab, 90

  • rituximab vs., 90
• Ocaratuzumab

  • improving therapeutic impact of, 89

• Olferiev, Mikhail A.: Identification of candidate predictors of lupus flare, 184–196

• Omics

  • in genomics-based medicine, 135–136, 136f
• Omics-based tests

  • in clinical medicine

    • how and when to apply, 138–139
  • in genomics-based medicine, 136–138, 137f
  • tumor biomarker

    • trials of, 139–141, 140f

• OPCs. See Oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs)

• Operation Desert Storm, 238

• Opioids

  • in chronic pain management, 177–178
• Opisthorchis felineus infection

  • liver cancer related to, 118
• Oregon Health and Science University

  • Animal Care and Usage Committee of, 47
  • Internal Review Board of, 48
• Oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs)

  • HPVs and, 124

• Osborn, Sidney P., 227

• Osler, William, 23

• Osteoarthritis (OA)

  • in African Americans and Caucasians in North Carolina, 77–86

    • introduction, 77–79
    • JoCoOA on, 77–86. See also Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project (JoCoOA)
  • aging and, 78
  • causes of, 78
  • joints affected by, 77
  • obesity and, 78
  • prevalence of, 77
  • public health impact of, 77
  • selenium levels related to, 81
• Osteoarthropathy

  • “hypertrophic,” 251

P

• Pacana, Tommy: A lipidomic readout of disease progression in a diet-induced mouse model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 271–288

• Pacemaker recycling

  • Project My Heart Your Heart in, 158–166. See also Project My Heart Your Heart

• “Pachydermoperiostosis,” 251

• Pain

  • acute

    • causes of, 169
  • chronic, 167–183. See also Chronic pain
  • management of

    • willow bark in, 248–249
  • neuropathic, 169
  • pelvic, 170

• Palp-Sim, 264

• Papillomavirus(es)

  • human, 123–126. See also Human papillomaviruses (HPVs)
  • Shope, 119
• Parasites

  • cancer due to, 118
  • gastric cancer in rodents due to, 117–118

• “Parasympathetic maintenance,” 176

• PB. See Pyridostigmine bromide (PB)

• PCR. See Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

• PDAs. See Personal digital assistants (PDAs)

• Pellagra, 20–45

  • American response to (1907–1914), 23–36, 23f–25f, 27f, 29f, 33f
  • anti-Zeist hypotheses of, 28, 30
  • causes of, 20–21
  • conquest of, 21
  • as deficiency disease, 31–32
  • described, 39
  • discussion, 44–45
  • four D's of, 20
  • infection hypothesis of, 38t
  • introduction, 20–23, 21f, 22f
  • nutritional deficiency hypothesis of, 38t
  • Simulium flies and, 28, 35, 39, 40
  • spoiled-corn hypothesis of, 28, 32
  • Zeist hypothesis of, 28, 30
• Pellagrins

  • described, 25f

• Pellagrozeïn, 26

• Pellegrino, Edmund D.: Memorial, cii–cix

• Pelvic pain, 170

• Personal digital assistants (PDAs)

  • in meeting challenges of medical education, 262
• Personal protective equipment (PPE)

  • in Ebola virus management, 96–97
• Personalized medicine. See also Genomics-based medicine

  • genomic trials, 133–143
  • introduction, 133–134

• PGs. See Prostaglandin(s) (PGs)

• PGT. See Prostaglandin transporter (PGT)

• Phospholipid(s)

  • lipidomic study of HFHCD–induced mouse model of NAFLD effects on, 278–280, 279f

• Pick's disease, 220

• Pliny the Elder, 248

• Pollution

  • Southern live oak tree in removal of, 2
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

  • in Ebola virus diagnosis, 98–99
• Polymorphism(s)

  • FcγRIII, 88–89
  • in IgG receptors, 88
  • single nucleotide

    • within bdnf gene, 13
  • Val66Met BDNF, 13–15, 14f, 15f
• Polyomaviruses

  • human

    • cancer related to, 122–123
• Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

  • Gulf War and, 242
• Potassium

  • blood pressure effects of, 46–55

    • animal studies, 47–52, 49f–51f
    • blood analysis in, 48
    • cell culture in, 48
    • discussion, 51–52, 54–55
    • human studies, 48
    • immunoblotting in, 48
    • introduction, 46–47
    • materials and methods, 47–48
    • measurement of, 47–48
    • results of, 48–51, 49f–51f

• Pottenger TB Sanitorium, 222

• PPE. See Personal protective equipment (PPE)

• Prensky, M., 261

• President's Address: Frederic T. Billings, III: Quercus oak: a perspective, 1–8, 1f, 6f, 7f

• Pro-BDNF, 10

  • actions of, 11–12
  • ratio to mature BDNF, 11–12

• Pro-NGF, 12, 13

• Project My Heart Your Heart, 158–166

  • described, 158
  • discussion, 162–166
  • introduction, 158–159
  • methods in, 159
  • results of, 159–162, 159f–164f
• Proliferative retinal angiopathy

  • annexin A2 in, 148
• Prostaglandin(s) (PGs). See also Prostaglandin transporter (PGT)

  • endogenous

    • history of manipulating levels of, 248–249
    • metabolism of

      • inhibition of, 249–250
  • inactivation of

    • molecular mechanisms of, 249–250
  • synthesis of

    • NSAIDs blocking, 249
  • topical uses of, 248
• Prostaglandin signaling

  • PGT in control of, 250
• Prostaglandin signaling model

  • release/reuptake, 250, 251f
• Prostaglandin transporter (PGT), 248–257. See also Prostaglandin(s) (PGs)

  • in controlling PG signaling, 250
  • described, 249
  • discussion, 257
  • in null mice and human subjects, 251–252
  • in PGE₂ metabolism, 249–250
  • role of, 248
  • targeted in MDCK cell monolayer, 249–250, 252
• Prostaglandin transporter (PGT) inhibitors

  • development of, 252–253
  • SAR studies in, 252–253
• Protein(s)

  • annexin A2 partnered with, 145–146
  • E6

    • high-risk HPVs related to, 125–126
  • E6A, 126
  • E7

    • high-risk HPVs related to, 125–126
  • S100, 145–146

• Psychogenic rheumatism, 171

• PTSD. See Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

• Public Health Agency of Canada

  • Ebola virus vaccine from, 102
• Pyridostigmine bromide (PB)

  • GWI due to, 239t, 240, 244

Q

• Quercus virginiana

  • perspective on, 1–8, 1f, 6f, 7f

R

• Ra, 219

• REBOV. See Reston ebolavirus (REBOV)

• Regional pain

  • chronic, 169–170

• Rescusi Anne, 264

• Research Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses, 242, 244

• Reston ebolavirus (REBOV), 95

• Reston virus (RESTV), 94

• RESTV. See Reston virus (RESTV)

• Rheumatism

  • psychogenic, 171

• Ringel, Matthew D.: Memorial: Ernest L. Mazzaferri, Sr., xcix–ci

• Rituximab

  • ADCC of, 87–90
  • CMC of, 87
  • improving therapeutic impact of, 87–92
  • obinutuzumab vs., 90

• RNA virus (flavivirus), 121

• Rollier, Auguste, 221, 222, 224

• Rous, Peyton, 118

• Royal Geographical Society, 26–27

S

• S100 proteins, 145–146

• Sambon, Louis Westerna, 20, 22, 26–28, 27f, 32, 35, 40

• San Francisco Medical Society, 37

• Sandwith, Fleming Mant, 20–45, 24f

• Sanyal, Arun J.: A lipidomic readout of disease progression in a diet-induced mouse model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 271–288

• SAR studies. See Structural activity relationship (SAR) studies

• Saranac Sanitorium, 224

• Sawyers, Charles, 2

• Schiffman, Fred J.: Memorial: David S. Greer, xcii–xcv

• School for Tropical Diseases, 32

• Schott, Anne F.: Personalized medicine: genomic trials in oncology, 133–143

• Schuster, Victor L.: The prostaglandin transporter: eicosanoid reuptake, control of signaling, and development of high-affinity inhibitors as drug candidates, 248–257

• Searcy, George H., 23–24

• SEATO Cholera Research Laboratory, 156

• Second Life, 265

• Seidell, Atherton, 39

• Selenium

  • OA related to, 81

• Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) checks, 63–64

• Self-regulation

  • in chronic pain management, 176–177

• Seven Sisters Oak, 5

• Shakespeare, W., 219

• Shistosomiasis

  • bladder cancer related to, 118

• Shope fibroma virus, 119

• Shope papillomavirus, 119

• Shope, Richard, 119

• Siler, Joseph F., 31, 35

• Simulation

  • in meeting challenges of medical education, 263–265, 263t
  • VR, 264–265
• Simulium flies

  • pellagra from, 28, 35, 39, 40
• Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)

  • within bdnf gene, 13

• SLC6A4 gene, 174

• SLC12A3 gene, 47

• SLE. See Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

• SMBG checks. See Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) checks

• SNP. See Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)

• Somatic symptom disorder (SSD)

  • American Psychiatric Association on, 172
  • DSM-5 on, 172

• South African Institute for Medical Research, 156

• South Carolina State Hospital for the Insane, 23, 23f, 28, 32, 37, 40

• Southern live oak tree

  • described, 1–2, 1f, 4
  • perspective on, 1–8, 1f, 6f, 7f
  • in removing particle pollution, 2
  • species of, 5

• Southwestern Louisiana Institute, 5

• Special Viral Cancer Program, 119

• Sphingolipid(s)

  • lipidomic study of HFHCD–induced mouse model of NAFLD effects on, 280–281, 280f, 281f
• Spoiled-corn hypothesis

  • of pellagra, 28, 32
• Sporisorium moidis

  • pellagra related to, 26

• Squamous Cell Lung Cancer Master Protocol (MAP) trial, 141

• SSD. See Somatic symptom disorder (SSD)

• Stählman, M., 274

• Steatohepatitis

  • nonalcoholic, 272

• Steele, L., 241

• Stekel, William, 223

• Steno-2 study, 67

• Stephens, Edwin Lewis, 5

• Stereotype(s)

  • gender

    • career influences of male and female physicians and scientists related to, 197–214. See also Gender stereotypes
• Stress

  • chronic pain related to, 175–176

• Structural activity relationship (SAR) studies, 252–253

• Sudan virus (SUDV), 94, 100

• SUDV. See Sudan virus (SUDV)

• Sun therapy, 219–226. See also Heliotherapy

• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

  • age of onset of, 185
  • candidate predictors of

    • identification of, 189–192, 190f, 191f, 192t
  • clinical features of, 184–185
  • clinical manifestations of, 185
  • discussion, 196
  • gender predilection for, 184
  • genetic studies in

    • insights from, 186–189
  • introduction, 184–185
  • type I IFN in, 185–186

T

• TAFV. See Tai Forest virus (TAFV)

• Tai Forest virus (TAFV), 94

• Tanner, Dick, 2

• Taussig, Helen Brook, 258

• Tax, 122

• TB. See Tuberculosis (TB)

• TCGA project. See The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project

• Temin, Howard, 119

• Temporomandibular disorders

  • chronic pain and, 170, 176

• Terker, Andrew S.: Why your mother was right: how potassium intake reduces blood pressure, 46–55

• The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project, 134

• “The diet of the well-to-do,” 37–38

• “The Etiology of Pellagra,” 30

• “The Infectious Etiology of Pellagra,” 40

• Theodore E. Woodward Award, 156

  • recipients of, 157

• Theodore, Pierre, 265

• Thoenen, Hans, 9

• Thompson-McFadden Pellagra Commission, 20, 23, 30–32, 35, 37, 39, 40

• Thompson, Robert Means, 31

• Toker, Cyril, 123

• Total knee replacement

  • prevalence of, 78
• TrkB

  • BDNF binding with, 10

• Trudeau, Edward Livingston, 224

• Trudeau, Gary, 224

• Tuberculosis (TB)

  • heliotherapy for, 223–224, 224t

• Tucson Medical Center, 227

• Tumor biomarker omics-based tests

  • trials of, 139–141, 140f
• Tumor marker tests

  • in genomics-based medicine, 134–135

• Turner, Julia, 223

• Type I interferon (IFN)

  • in SLE, 185–186

    • as central mediator of immune system alterations, 185–186

U

• UCSF School of Medicine. See University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine

• UKPDS. See United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS)

• United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), 66–67, 72

• University Group Diabetes Program, 67

• University of California, Irvine School of Medicine

  • Google Glass at, 265–266
• University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine

  • Google Glass at, 265–266

• University of Illinois, 31

• University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 5

• University of Maryland

  • Divisions of Infectious Diseases of, 156

• University of Maryland School of Medicine, 156

• University of Michigan, 31

• US Department of Agriculture, 32, 34

  • Bureau of Chemistry of, 34
• US Department of Defense

  • on GWI, 243
• US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)

  • on GWI definition, 238–239
• US Food and Drug Administration, 34

  • on obinutuzumab, 90
• US Navy Seabees

  • GWI in, 241

• US Public Health and Marine Hospital Service, 28, 29f, 30, 35

• US Public Health Service, 20, 21, 32–33, 33f, 36

• USS Constitution, 4

• USS Cumberland, 4

• USS Merrimack, 4

• USS Monitor, 4

V

• VA. See Veterans Affairs (VA)

• Vaccine(s)

  • anthrax

    • in GWI, 240
  • against Ebola virus, 102
  • for HPVs, 124–125

• VADT. See Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT)

• “Vagal brake,” 176

• “Vagal withdrawal,” 176

• Val159Met

  • chronic pain related to, 174

• Val66Met BDNF polymorphism, 13–15, 14f, 15f

• VanItallie, Theodore B.: Memorial: Nicholas Pierson Christy, lxxxv–lxxxvii

• Veterans Affairs (VA)

  • on GWI definition, 238–239

• Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on Glycemic Control and Complications in Type II Diabetes Mellitus, 67

• Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT), 68

• Viral oncology, 118

• Virchow, Rudolph, 233

• Virtual Reality (VR) simulation, 264–265

• Virus(es)

  • cancer due to, 118–126, 120t. See also specific types

• Vitamin-deficiency hypothesis, 34

• “Vitamine hypothesis,” 20–45, 37

• VR simulation. See Virtual Reality (VR) simulation

W

• Wallace, William, 3

• Warren, Robin, 118

• Watson, Joseph Jenkins, 25f

• Weiner, George J.: Anti-lymphoma monoclonal antibodies: making better antibodies and making antibodies better, 87–92

• Williams, Frederick, 28–29

• Willow bark

  • in pain management, 248–249

• Wilson, Gordon, 113

• Wilson, Robert, Jr., 23–24, 23f, 28–30

• Wolfe, Frederick, 172

• Wood

  • bond existing with, 2
  • charcoal vs., 3
  • in defining all that was being human, 2
  • uses for, 3
  • wealth from, 2
• Wooden ships

  • from oak, 4
• Woodward, Theodore E.

  • background of, 156

• Wright, George W., 151

Y

• Yale University, 39

• Yamin, D., 96

Z

• Zaïre ebolavirus (EBOV), 94

• Zeist hypothesis

  • of pellagra, 28, 30
• Zmapp

  • in Ebola virus management, 101

• zur Hausen, Harald, 123