| Zhang et al 2011 [121] |
Cancer registry |
Cohort |
277 |
GGT |
Hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis |
The one-year and three-year OS rates were 71.6 and 38.5% in patients with normal GGT and 48.8 and 16.9% in patients with high GGT (P = 0.002). |
– |
| Yin et al 2013 [127] |
Cancer registry |
Cohort |
411 |
GGT |
Intrahepatic cholangiocar-cinoma prognosis |
GGT was an independent predictor of a poor prognosis (hazard ratio =2.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.67–3.34, P = 0.001) |
– |
| Tsuboya et al 2012 [123] |
Ohsaki Cohort Study |
Cohort |
15 031 |
GGT |
Overall cancer incidence |
Highest quartile (GGT ≥31.0 IU/mL), the multivariate HR for any cancer was 1.28 (95% CI, 1.08–1.53; P for trend, <0.001), the HR for colorectal cancer was significantly greater than unity. This positive trend was observed only in current drinkers |
Adjusted for age sex, drinking habit, self-reported history of liver disease, smoking habit body mass index, education, exercise. |
| Seebacher et al 2012 [122] |
Multicenter database |
Multicenter trial |
874 |
GGT |
Endometrial Cancer prognosis |
Elevated serum GGT levels (P = 0.03 and P = 0.005), tumour stage (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001), grade (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02) and age (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001) were independently associated with progression-free survival in univariate and multivariable survival analyses |
Patients were stratified in GGT risk groups |
| Hofbauer et al 2014 [128] |
Cancer registry |
Cohort |
921 |
GGT |
Renal cell carcinoma prognosis |
Gamma-glutamyltransferase levels increased with advancing T (P < 0.001), N (P¼ 0.006) and M stages (Po0.001), higher grades (P < 0.001), and presence of tumour necrosis (Po0.001). An increase of GGT by 10Ul 1 was associated with an increase in the risk of death from RCC by 4% (HR 1.04, P < 0.001). |
Adjusted for T stage, N stage, M stage, Fuhrman grade, necrosis histologic subtype. |
| Hernaez et al 2013 [124] |
MJ Health Study |
Case-Cohort |
3961 |
GGT |
Hepatocellular carcinoma mortality |
High levels of GGT were associated with cancer mortality (HR1.8–2.8) and HCC mortality (HR 5.5–36.1). |
Adjusted for age at baseline, body mass index, physical activity, smoking and alcohol use, education, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL, C-reactive protein HBsAg |
| He et al 2013 [120] |
Cancer registry |
Cohort |
239 |
GGT |
Colorectal Carcinoma prognosis |
GGT (P < 0.001) statistically significant prognostic factor of overall survival validated as independent predictor. On univariate analysis, GGT (P < 0.001) statistically significant predictive factor of progression-free survival (PFS) in patients having first-line chemotherapy |
– |
| Grimm et al 2013 [125] |
Cancer registry |
Multicenter study |
634 |
GGT |
Ovarian cancer prognosis |
High GGT serum levels were associated with advanced FIGO stage (P < 0.001) and with worse overall survival in univariate (P < 0.001) and multivariable analysis (P = 0.02, HR 1.2 (1.1–1.5) |
Adjusted for continuous GGT values and survival |
| Edlinger et al 2013 [126] |
Vorarlberg Health Monitoring and Promotion Programme |
Sub-Cohort |
318 |
GGT |
Endometrial cancer prognosis |
GGT associated with cancer-related mortality (HR = 3.35, 95% CI 1.12–10.03) |
Adjusted for age, tumour-staging (FIGO) and histology, together with the examination year, body mass index, hypertension, triglycerides, total cholesterol, glucose. |
