Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2013 Jan 4;4(1):71–89. doi: 10.3390/insects4010071

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

The flow of average amounts (±SEM) of chlorpyrifos (CPF), boscalid (Bos) and Pyraclostrobin (Pyr) from pollen into bee bread, nurse bees feeding on the bee bread, royal jelly secreted by the nurse bees and queen larvae feeding on the royal jelly. Two samples of pollen-1 were analyzed for pesticides and 3 samples of pollen-2. In addition, samples of bee bread from 3 colonies fed pollen-1 and 5 from those fed pollen-2 also were analyzed. Samples of nurse bees tending queen cells in colonies fed pollen-1 or pollen-2, queen larvae, and royal jelly also were analyzed (2 samples from each colony). In all cases, multiple samples from each colony were pooled for analysis.