Table 6.
Results of Clinically Indicated Tests for Stillbirth Workup
| No. (%) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Test | Tested Positivea | Positive Result Explanation | |
| Maternal (N = 500) | |||
| Antibody screen | 498 (99.6) | 18 (3.6) | Detection of antibodies: D, Kell, E, e, Cw, C, Ce, Kpa, Kpb, cE, k, Jk, s, Wra, Fya, M |
| Syphilis | 495 (99.0) | 2 (0.4) | Rapid plasma reagin reactive and fluorescent treponemal antibody positive |
| Parvovirus | 451 (90.2) | 9 (2.0) | IgM positive |
| Lupus anticoagulant | 190(38.0) | 6 (3.2) | Lupus anticoagulant present |
| Anticardiolipin antibodies | 458 (91.6) | 22 (4.8) | IgG ≥2000 mg/dL |
| Blood glucose screen | 455 (91.0) | 13 (2.9) | Hemoglobin A1C ≥6.5% of total hemoglobin and/or fructosamine ≥53 mg/L |
| Toxicology screen | 342 (68.4) | 12(3.5) | Detection of marijuana, cocaine, amphetamines and/or methamphetamine in the umbilical cord |
| Fetal-maternal hemorrhage | 218(43.6) | 10 (4.6) | Fetal blood detected (range, 3–165 mL in 5 of 10 cases with amount reported) |
| Fetal (N = 512) | |||
| Placental histology | 512(100.0) | 268 (52.3) | Possible or probable cause using INCODE instrument on placental histology |
| Autopsy | 512(100.0) | 161 (31.4) | Possible or probable cause using INCODE instrument on postmortem examination |
| Karyotype | 494 (96.5) | 32 (9.0) | Aneuploidy, unbalanced translocation, or other major abnormality |
Abbreviations: IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgM, immunoglobulin M; INCODE, initial causes of fetal death. SI conversion factor: to convert fructosamine to µmol/L, multiply by 5.581.
a
Percent is calculated among those who were tested. For karyotype, percent is among 357 with a definitive result.