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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 10.
Published in final edited form as: Cell. 2015 Sep 10;162(6):1338–1352. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.08.025

Figure 3. Melatonin interferes with human Th17 cell differentiation and boosts Tr1 generation.

Figure 3

(a) Flow cytometry analysis of IL-17 expression in human Th17 differentiated CD4+ T cells (IL-1β, IL-6 and TGF-β1) in the presence or absence of melatonin (500ng/ml) and agomelatine (500ng/ml). Data are representative of three independent experiments (means and s.e.m.) * P<0.05 of one-way ANOVA. (b). Cytokine quantification by ELISA of IL-17 in human Th17 differentiated CD4+ T cells in the presence or absence of melatonin (500ng/ml) and agomelatine (500ng/ml). Data are representative of three independent experiments (means and s.e.m.) * P<0.05 of one-way ANOVA. (c) RT-PCR analysis of Th17 cells cultured as in a. Data are representative of three independent experiments (means and s.e.m.) * P<0.05 of one-way ANOVA. (d). Cytokine quantification by ELISA of IFN-γ in human Th1 differentiated CD4+ T cells in the presence or absence of melatonin (500ng/ml) and agomelatin (500ng/ml). Data are representative of three independent experiments (means and s.e.m.) * P<0.05 of one-way ANOVA. (e) RT-PCR analysis of Th1 cells cultured as in d. Data are representative of three independent experiments (means and s.e.m.) * P<0.05 of one-way ANOVA. (f) Flow cytometry analysis of IL-10 expression in human Tr1 differentiated CD4+ T cell in the presence or absence of melatonin (500ng/ml)and agomelatin (500ng/ml). Data are representative of three independent experiments (means and s.e.m.) * P<0.05 of one-way ANOVA. (g) Quantitative PCR analysis of Tr1 cells cultured as in f. Data are representative of three independent experiments (means and s.e.m.). * P<0.05 of one-way ANOVA. See also Fig. S2