Table 2.
Changes in cardiometabolic risk factors over time between groups
| Time | Control | Intervention | Time/group interactiona | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mean (SD) | mean (SD) | ||||
| Weight (kg) | Baseline | Value | 88 ± 14 | 87 ± 16 | <0.001 |
| 3-month follow-up | Value | 86 ± 13 | 85 ± 14 | ||
| Change | −1 ± 3 | −2 ± 2 | |||
| P b | 0.059 | <0.001 | |||
| 6-month follow-up | Value | 87 ± 12 | 83 ± 15 | ||
| Change | −1 ± 3 | −4 ± 3 | |||
| P b | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | Baseline | Value | 30.5 ± 4.5 | 29.8 ± 4.7 | 0.009 |
| 3-month follow-up | Value | 29.8 ± 3.8 | 29 ± 4 | ||
| Change | −0.2 ± 1 | −0.5 ± 1 | |||
| P b | 0.079 | <0.001 | |||
| 6-month follow-up | Value | 29.5 ± 3.5 | 28.6 ± 4.4 | ||
| Change | −0.4 ± 1 | −1.1 ± 1 | |||
| P b | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Waist circumference (cm) | Baseline | Value | 105 ± 9 | 103 ± 9 | 0.64 |
| 3-month follow-up | Value | 103 ± 8 | 101 ± 8 | ||
| Change | −2 ± 4 | −3 ± 3 | |||
| P b | 0.385 | <0.001 | |||
| 6-month follow-up | Value | 100 ± 18 | 99 ± 9 | ||
| Change | −5 ± 19 | −4 ± 3 | |||
| P b | 0.012 | <0.001 | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | Baseline | Value | 132 ± 13 | 131 ± 8 | 0.016 |
| 3-month follow-up | Value | 127 ± 11 | 121 ± 13 | ||
| Change | −6 ± 14 | −10 ± 11 | |||
| P b | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| 6-month follow-up | Value | 124 ± 8 | 120 ± 10 | ||
| Change | −8 ± 14 | −11 ± 9 | |||
| P b | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | Baseline | Value | 88 ± 7 | 89 ± 6 | 0.006 |
| 3-month follow-up | Value | 84 ± 9 | 80 ± 9 | ||
| Change | −4 ± 8 | −10 ± 9 | |||
| P b | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| 6-month follow-up | Value | 82 ± 6 | 78 ± 6 | ||
| Change | −6 ± 7 | −11 ± 6 | |||
| pb | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl) | Baseline | Value | 91 ± 15 | 89 ± 12 | 0.627 |
| 3-month follow-up | Value | 89 ± 13 | 85 ± 10 | ||
| Change | −1 ± 12 | −4 ± 12 | |||
| P b | 0.778 | 0.004 | |||
| 6-month follow-up | Value | 88 ± 13 | 85 ± 8 | ||
| Change | −2 ± 14 | −4 ± 12 | |||
| P b | 0.39 | 0.028 | |||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | Baseline | Value | 191 ± 35 | 199 ± 44 | 0.25 |
| 3 months follow-up | Value | 188 ± 34 | 186 ± 37 | ||
| Change | −4 ± 29 | −13 ± 45 | |||
| P b | 0.409 | 0.019 | |||
| 6-month follow-up | Value | 186 ± 28 | 186 ± 34 | ||
| Change | −6 ± 24 | −13 ± 41 | |||
| P b | 0.591 | 0.049 | |||
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | Baseline | Value | 198 ± 127 | 186 ± 96 | 0.606 |
| 3-month follow-up | Value | 175 ± 161 | 160 ± 84 | ||
| Change | −29 ± 132 | −18 ± 85 | |||
| P b | 0.075 | 0.04 | |||
| 6-month follow-up | Value | 144 ± 68 | 129 ± 54 | ||
| Change | −53 ± 82 | −51 ± 77 | |||
| P b | 0.029 | <0.001 | |||
| HDL (mg/dl) | Baseline | Value | 42 ± 11 | 41 ± 8 | 0.018 |
| 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | ||||
| 3-month follow-up | Value | 42 ± 12 | 42 ± 9 | ||
| Change | 0.64 ± 11 | 2 ± 9 | |||
| P b | 0.115 | 0.066 | |||
| 6-month follow-up | Value | 44 ± 11 | 46 ± 7 | ||
| Change | 4 ± 11 | 6 ± 8 | |||
| P b | 0.066 | <0.001 | |||
| LDL | Baseline | Value | 123 ± 31 | 134 ± 33 | 0.412 |
| 3-month follow-up | Value | 118 ± 29 | 126 ± 33 | ||
| Change | −6 ± 25 | −6 ± 30 | |||
| P b | 0.062 | 0.089 | |||
| 6-month follow-up | Value | 121 ± 22 | 126 ± 27 | ||
| Change | −3 ± 22 | −7 ± 31 | |||
| P b | 0.089 | 0.124 |
aBased on mixed model
bBased on mixed model, adjusted for the multiple comparisons by Bonferroni method