Abstract
The response to inhaled sulphur dioxide in eight normal, seven atopic, and 22 asthmatic subjects was studied by measuring thoracic gas volume and airway resistance in a whole-body plethysmograph. The fall in specific airway conductance in relation to the concentration of sulphur dioxide inhaled (0-20 ppm) was determined in all three groups. The specific airway conductance fell significantly in the atopic and asthmatic subjects but not in the normal group. In a double-blind study prior inhalation of disodium cromoglycate caused a significant reduction in the response to sulphur dioxide inhalation in atopic and asthmatic subjects. Prior treatment with inhaled ipratropium bromide blocked the response in the atopic subjects, but the effect was variable in the patients with asthma. Previous treatment with inhaled clemastine also reduced the response in patients with asthma, without causing a change in baseline specific conductance. We conclude that non-allergic bronchial hyperreactivity was increased in the atopic and the asthmatic subjects and that mediator release, in addition to a vagal reflex, has a role in such bronchoconstriction.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Benson M. K., Graf P. D. Bronchial reactivity: interaction between vagal stimulation and inhaled histamine. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1977 Oct;43(4):643–647. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1977.43.4.643. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cockcroft D. W., Killian D. N., Mellon J. J., Hargreave F. E. Bronchial reactivity to inhaled histamine: a method and clinical survey. Clin Allergy. 1977 May;7(3):235–243. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1977.tb01448.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cox J. S., Orr T. S., Pollard M. C., Gwilliam J. Mode of action of disodium cromoglycate, studies on immediate type hypersensitivity reactions using 'double sensitization' with two antigenically distinct rat reagins. Clin Exp Immunol. 1970 Nov;7(5):745–757. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dixon M., Jackson D. M., Richards I. M. The effects of sodium cromoglycate on lung irritant receptors and left ventricular cardiac receptors in the anaesthetized dog. Br J Pharmacol. 1979 Dec;67(4):569–574. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1979.tb08703.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- FRANK N. R., AMDUR M. O., WORCESTER J., WHITTENBERGER J. L. Effects of acute controlled exposure to SO2 on respiratory mechanics in healthy male adults. J Appl Physiol. 1962 Mar;17:252–258. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1962.17.2.252. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harries M. G., Parkes P. E., Lessof M. H., Orr T. S. Role of bronchial irritant receptors in asthma. Lancet. 1981 Jan 3;1(8210):5–7. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(81)90113-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- NADEL J. A., SALEM H., TAMPLIN B., TOKIWA Y. MECHANISM OF BRONCHOCONSTRICTION DURING INHALATION OF SULFUR DIOXIDE. J Appl Physiol. 1965 Jan;20:164–167. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1965.20.1.164. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Orehek J., Gayrard P., Smith A. P., Grimaud C., Charpin J. Airway response to carbachol in normal and asthmatic subjects: distinction between bronchial sensitivity and reactivity. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1977 Jun;115(6):937–943. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1977.115.6.937. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Patel K. R., Kerr J. W., MacDonald E. B., MacKenzie A. M. The effect of thymoxamine and cromolyn sodium on postexercise bronchoconstriction in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1976 Apr;57(4):285–292. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(76)90084-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sampson S. R., Vidruk E. H. The nature of the receptor mediating stimulant effects of histamine on rapidly adapting vagal afferents in the lungs. J Physiol. 1979 Feb;287:509–518. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1979.sp012673. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Woenne R., Kattan M., Levison H. Sodium cromoglycate-induced changes in the dose-response curve of inhaled methacholine and histamine in asthmatic children. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979 Jun;119(6):927–932. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1979.119.6.927. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]