Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes are a group of autoinflammatory syndromes caused by mutations of the CIAS1gene (currently named NLRP3), and are characterized by periodic attacks of an urticaria-like rash, fever, headache, conjunctivitis and arthralgia. Often patients present in early childhood, but the great diversity of manifestations and the difficulties in genetic analyses make the diagnosis of these diseases a challenge. The authors describe the clinical features of a male patient who presented first symptoms approximately at age 23 years. with recurrent fevers up to 40°C, urticaria-like rash, orbital swelling, headache and fatigue. CIAS1-associated autoinflammatory syndrome was diagnosed at age 48 years. and confirmed genetically (mutation: c.598G>A (p.Val200Met) in Exon 3 of NLRP3 (CIAS1)-gene.
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