Table 1.
A: Composition of the Experimental High-Fat Diets (Diet A) | ||||
HFD 1 | HFD + Plant Sterol Esters | HFD + Plant Stanol Esters | ||
Composition (%) | ||||
Sucrose | 39.75 | 38.97 | 38.97 | |
Casein | 23.64 | 23.18 | 23.18 | |
Beef fat | 15.78 | 15.47 | 15.47 | |
Cellulose | 5.91 | 5.79 | 5.79 | |
Olive Oil | 2.94 | 2.07 | 2.07 | |
Soybean oil | 2.27 | 2.07 | 2.07 | |
Corn Starch | 2.59 | 2.54 | 2.54 | |
Vitamin Mix 2 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.58 | |
Mineral Mix 3 | 5.44 | 5.33 | 5.33 | |
Choline | 0.47 | 0.46 | 0.46 | |
DL Methionine | 0.24 | 0.23 | 0.23 | |
Cholesterol 4 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | |
Linseed Oil | 0.19 | - | - | |
Plant sterol esters 5 | - | 3.10 | - | |
Plant stanol esters 5 | - | - | 3.10 | |
B: Composition of the Experimental Low Fat Chow Diets (Diet B) | ||||
Chow + Rapeseed Oil 6 | Chow + Plant Sterol Esters | Chow + Plant Stanol Esters | Chow | |
Composition (%) | ||||
Sucrose | 29.39 | 29.39 | 29.39 | 29.38 |
Casein | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 |
Cellulose | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
Olive Oil | 2.83 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
Soybean oil | 2.17 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
Corn Starch | 34.73 | 32.81 | 32.81 | 35.92 |
Vitamin Mix 2 | 0.58 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
Mineral Mix 3 | 4.60 | 4.60 | 4.60 | 4.60 |
Choline | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 |
DL Methionine | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
Linseed Oil | 0.19 | - | - | - |
Plant sterol esters 5 | - | 3.10 | - | - |
Plant stanol esters 5 | - | - | 3.10 | - |
1 HFD: high-fat diet; 2 Vitamin mix: vitamins premix, trace elements premix; 3 Mineral mix: calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, potassium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulphate heptahydrate, sodium chloride, magnesium oxide; 4 This added amount of 0.2% cholesterol together with the 0.015% cholesterol from beef fat produces a diet that contains 0.22% cholesterol; 5 The 3.1% plant sterol or stanol esters correspond to ± 2% free plant sterols or stanols. The chow diet contains ± 10.2 En% fat, whereas the HFD contains ± 41.5 En% fat; 6 Rapeseed oil: rapeseed oil fatty acids.