Abstract
Random ciliary orientation has recently been proposed as a variant of primary ciliary dyskinesia. We report a 12 year old boy with all the features of primary ciliary dyskinesia and absent nasal mucociliary clearance in whom repeated biopsies of the nasal epithelium showed normal ciliary beat frequency. The only abnormality discovered was disorientation of the central microtubules of his cilia.
Full text
PDF

Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Afzelius B. A. A human syndrome caused by immotile cilia. Science. 1976 Jul 23;193(4250):317–319. doi: 10.1126/science.1084576. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- De Iongh R., Rutland J. Orientation of respiratory tract cilia in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia, bronchiectasis, and in normal subjects. J Clin Pathol. 1989 Jun;42(6):613–619. doi: 10.1136/jcp.42.6.613. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Holley M. C., Afzelius B. A. Alignment of cilia in immotile-cilia syndrome. Tissue Cell. 1986;18(4):521–529. doi: 10.1016/0040-8166(86)90018-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pedersen H., Mygind N. Absence of axonemal arms in nasal mucosa cilia in Kartagener's syndrome. Nature. 1976 Aug 5;262(5568):494–495. doi: 10.1038/262494a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rutland J., Cole P. J. Non-invasive sampling of nasal cilia for measurement of beat frequency and study of ultrastructure. Lancet. 1980 Sep 13;2(8194):564–565. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(80)91995-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rutland J., de Iongh R. U. Random ciliary orientation. A cause of respiratory tract disease. N Engl J Med. 1990 Dec 13;323(24):1681–1684. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199012133232406. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wilson R. Secondary ciliary dysfunction. Clin Sci (Lond) 1988 Aug;75(2):113–120. doi: 10.1042/cs0750113. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
