Table 1.
Weighted analysis of number of servings from Health Canada’s Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide (EWCFG) [10] presented based on the 2014 Health Canada’s Surveillance Tool (HCST) Tier system [9] among Canadians ≥19 years *,†.
| Men, 19–30 Years | Women, 19–30 Years | Men, 31–50 Years | Women, 31–50 Years | Men, 51–70 Years | Women, 51–70 Years | Men, >70 Years | Women, >70 Years | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food Groups (Servings/Day) | Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) |
| Vegetables and Fruits | ||||||||
| Tiers 1–3 | 4.35 (0.26) | 4.76 (0.19) | 4.64 (0.23) | 5.12 (0.18) | 5.56 (0.21) | 5.70 (0.14) | 5.37 (0.20) | 5.52 (0.15) |
| Tiers 1–4 | 4.57 (0.26) | 5.01 (0.18) | 4.86 (0.23) | 5.33 (0.18) | 5.71 (0.21) | 5.88 (0.14) | 5.49 (0.19) | 5.67 (0.15) |
| EWCFG Rec. | 8–10 | 7–8 | 8–10 | 7–8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Grain Products | ||||||||
| Tiers 1–3 | 5.37 (0.23) | 5.03 (0.16) | 5.06 (0.17) | 4.83 (0.14) | 4.98 (0.16) | 4.99 (0.13) | 5.23 (0.19) | 5.00 (0.12) |
| Tiers 1–4 | 5.99 (0.23) | 5.81 (0.17) | 5.70 (0.18) | 5.64 (0.14) | 5.55 (0.16) | 5.66 (0.13) | 5.99 (0.21) | 5.82 (0.12) |
| EWCFG Rec. | 8 | 6–7 | 8 | 6–7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 6 |
| Milk and Alternatives | ||||||||
| Tiers 1–3 | 1.34 (0.10) | 1.62 (0.08) | 1.17 (0.08) b | 1.58 (0.07) b | 1.23 (0.08) | 1.46 (0.06) | 1.55 (0.13) | 1.59 (0.06) |
| Tiers 1–4 | 1.51 (0.10) | 1.79 (0.08) | 1.34 (0.08) b | 1.75 (0.07) b | 1.37 (0.08) | 1.59 (0.06) | 1.64 (0.13) | 1.72 (0.06) |
| EWCFG Rec. | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Meat and Alternatives | ||||||||
| Tiers 1–3 | 1.86 (0.15) | 1.70 (0.10) | 2.35 (0.11) | 2.01 (0.09) | 2.40 (0.11) | 2.19 (0.09) | 2.10 (0.11) | 2.01 (0.08) |
| Tiers 1–4 | 2.12 (0.14) a | 1.88 (0.09) a | 2.60 (0.10) b | 2.20 (0.09) b | 2.65 (0.10) | 2.40 (0.09) | 2.36 (0.10) | 2.21 (0.08) |
| EWCFG Rec. | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
Rec.: Recommendation; SEM: Standard Error of Mean; * Energy adjusted; † Tiers are based on Health Canada’s Surveillance Tool [9] and defined generally as follows: Tier 1–3 foods are compliant with EWCFG and Tier 4 foods are not recommended by the EWCFG. Tier 1 foods are foods that do not exceed lower thresholds for total fat, sugars, and sodium; Tier 2 foods do not exceed up to 2 lower thresholds for total fat, sugars or sodium, without exceeding any upper thresholds; for the Vegetables and Fruit and Grain Products food groups Tier 3 are foods that exceed all 3 lower thresholds without exceeding any upper thresholds or exceed only one upper threshold, while Tier 4 foods exceed at least 2 upper thresholds for total fat, saturated fat, sugars, or sodium. Within the Milk and Alternatives and Meat and Alternatives food groups, Tier 3 foods exceed all 3 lower thresholds without exceeding any upper thresholds for total fat, sugars, or sodium (irrespective of saturated fat) or exceed only one of these 3 thresholds or foods that only exceed the upper saturated fat threshold; within these 2 food groups foods that exceed at least 2 upper thresholds for total fat, sugars, or sodium were classified as Tier 4. Where lower thresholds entail: total fat ≤3 g/RA, sugars ≤6 g/RA, and sodium ≤140 mg/RA; and upper thresholds are: total fat >10 g/RA, sugars >19 g/RA, sodium >360 mg/RA, and saturated fat >2 g/RA. Full details are shown in Table S1; a Comparison significantly different between 19 and 30 years old males and females, based on Tukey multiple comparison test (p < 0.001); b Comparison significantly different between 31 and 50 years old males and females, based on Tukey’s multiple comparison test (p < 0.001).