Abstract
Ventilatory response to CO2 was measured before and after two different benzodiazepine hypnotics in both chronic bronchitics and patients without chest disease. Flurazepam, but not nitrazepam, produced a significant decrease in CO2 sensitivity, although there was no significant change in FEV1 or mixed venous PCO2. This is the first unequivocal evidence of central depression of respiration by a benzodiazepine and may be the mechanism by which benzodiazepines cause deterioration in patients with respiratory failure.
Full text
PDF



Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Borland R. G., Nicholson A. N. Comparison of the residual effects of two benzodiazepines (nitrazepam and flurazepam hydrochloride) and pentobarbitone sodium on human performance. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1975 Feb;2(1):9–17. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1975.tb00465.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- CAMPBELL E. J., HOWELL J. B. Rebreathing method for measurement of mixed venous PCO2. Br Med J. 1962 Sep 8;2(5305):630–633. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5305.630. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Catchlove R. F., Kafer E. R. The effects of diazepam on respiration in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease. Anesthesiology. 1971 Jan;34(1):14–18. doi: 10.1097/00000542-197101000-00006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clark T. J., Collins J. V., Tong D. Respiratory depression caused by nitrazepam in patients with respiratory failure. Lancet. 1971 Oct 2;2(7727):737–738. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)92105-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cohen R., Finn H., Steen S. N. Effect of diazepam and meperidine, alone and in combination, on respiratory response to carbon dioxide. Anesth Analg. 1969 May-Jun;48(3):353–355. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gaddie J., Legge J. S., Palmer K. N., Petrie J. C., Wood R. A. Effect of nitrazepam in chronic obstructive bronchitis. Br Med J. 1972 Jun 17;2(5815):688–689. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5815.688. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gasser J. C., Kaufman R. D., Bellville J. W. Respiratory effects of lorazepam, pentobarbital, and pentazocine. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1975 Aug;18(2):170–174. doi: 10.1002/cpt1975182170. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Matthew H., Proudfoot A. T., Aitken R. C., Raeburn J. A., Wright N. Nitrazepam--a safe hypnotic. Br Med J. 1969 Jul 5;3(5661):23–25. doi: 10.1136/bmj.3.5661.23. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Model D. G., Berry D. J. Effects of chlordiazepoxide in respiratory failure due to chronic bronchitis. Lancet. 1974 Oct 12;2(7885):869–870. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(74)91203-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Model D. G. Nitrazepam induced respiratory depression in chronic obstructive lung disease. Br J Dis Chest. 1973 Apr;67(2):128–130. doi: 10.1016/0007-0971(73)90042-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pines A. Nitrazepam in chronic obstructive bronchitis. Br Med J. 1972 Aug 5;3(5822):352–352. doi: 10.1136/bmj.3.5822.352-c. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rao S., Sherbaniuk R. W., Prasad K., Lee S. J., Sproule B. J. Cardiopulmonary effects of diazepam. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1973 Mar-Apr;14(2):182–189. doi: 10.1002/cpt1973142182. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Read D. J. A clinical method for assessing the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Australas Ann Med. 1967 Feb;16(1):20–32. doi: 10.1111/imj.1967.16.1.20. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SADOVE M. S., BALAGOT R. C., MCGRATH J. M. EFFECTS OF CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE AND DIAZEPAM ON THE INFLUENCE OF MEPERIDINE ON THE RESPIRATORY RESPONSE TO CARBON DIOXIDE. J New Drugs. 1965 Mar-Apr;5(2):121–124. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1965.tb00236.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Steen S. N., Weitzner S. W., Amaha K., Martinez L. R. The effect of diazepam on the respiratory response to carbon dioxide. Can Anaesth Soc J. 1966 Jul;13(4):374–377. doi: 10.1007/BF03002179. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weil J. V., McCullough R. E., Kline J. S., Sodal I. E. Diminished ventilatory response to hypoxia and hypercapnia after morphine in normal man. N Engl J Med. 1975 May 22;292(21):1103–1106. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197505222922106. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
