Skip to main content
. 2016 Jan 29;4:1188. Originally published 2015 Oct 30. [Version 2] doi: 10.12688/f1000research.7177.2

Table 1. Meta-analytic results for all experiments and for independent replications of Bem’s experiments.

Number of
experiments
Number of
participants
Effect size
(Hedges’ g)
95%CI or
Crl
Combined z or
Bayes factor
p
(One-tailed)
I 2 τ 2
All experiments a
    Bayesian analysis
90 12,406 0.09
0.08
[0.06, 0.11]
[0.02, 0.15]
z = 6.33
BF = 5.1×10 9
1.2 × 10 -10 41.4 .005
.028
Independent replications b
    Bayesian analysis
69 10,082 0.06
0.07
[0.03, 0.09]
[0.01, 0.14]
z = 4.16
BF = 3,853
1.2 × 10 -5 36.1 .004
.035
Exact replications
Modified replications
31
38
2,106
7,976
0.08
0.05
[0.02, 0.13]
[0.02, 0.09]
z = 2.90
z = 3.00
.0018
.0013
31.7
38.9
.007
.004
Pre-2011 replications
Post-2011 replications
30
39
2,193
7,889
0.09
0.05
[0.04, 0.15]
[0.02, 0.08]
z = 3.20
z = 2.88
.0007
.004
39.5
32.3
.009
.003
Peer reviewed
Not peer reviewed
35
34
7,477
2,605
0.06
0.06
[0.02, 0.10]
[0.02, 0.10]
z = 2.93
z = 3.21
.0017
.0007
51.4
  8.7
.001
.006

Note. In a Bayesian analysis, the analogue to the 95%CI is Crl, “credible intervals of the posterior distributions.” I 2 is an estimate of the percent of variance across studies due to differences among the true effect sizes. τ 2 is the between-studies variance.

a Assuming a null ES of .01 and a variance of .005 (the observed variance, τ 2, in the random-effects model), the statistical power of this meta-analysis is 0.95 ( Hedges & Pigott, 2001).

b These analyses exclude Bem’s own experiments and the eleven experiments that had not been designed as replications of those experiments.