Abstract
Previous in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that HIV protein nef plays a key role in impairing cellular and systemic cholesterol metabolism in HIV disease, but clinical support for these findings is lacking. Here we present the data of comparative lipidomic analysis (330 lipid species) of plasma samples from HIV-negative subjects, patients infected with WT HIV-1 strain and patients infected with nef-deficient strain of HIV-1. We determine which effects of HIV on plasma lipidome are explained by the presence of nef. The data can be used to evaluate cardiovascular risk in HIV disease and to assess the role of nef in HIV-induced disturbances in systemic lipid metabolism. The full impact of nef deficiency on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in HIV-infected patients is presented in the accompanying study “Lipid Metabolism in Patients Infected with Nef-deficient HIV-1 Strain” [1].
Specifications Table
| Subject area | Medicine |
|---|---|
| More specific subject area | Infectious diseases/HIV |
| Type of data | Table |
| How data was acquired | Mass spectroscopy, Agilent 1200 liquid chromatography system, and Applied Biosystems API 4000 Q/TRAP mass spectrometer |
| Data format | Means±standard deviations |
| Experimental factors | Patients infected with wild type and nef-deficient HIV-1 strain |
| Experimental features | Lipids from 10 μl of plasma were extracted using a modified, single phase Folch method and lipidomic analysis was performed by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry |
| Data source location | Melbourne, Australia |
| Data accessibility | Data is with this article |
Value of the data
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•
The data can be used to assess the effect of HIV disease on lipid metabolism.
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•
The data can be used to assess the role of HIV nef in modifications of lipid metabolism in patients with HIV disease.
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•
The data can be used to evaluate cardiovascular risk in HIV disease.
1. Data
Table 1 shows concentrations of the individual lipid species (lipidomic analysis) in plasma samples from HIV-negative subjects, patients infected with WT HIV-1 strain and patients infected with nef-deficient strain of HIV-1.
Table 1.
Abundance of lipid species in patient plasma.
| Lipid Species | HIV Negative | WT HIV | HIV (∆Nef) |
|---|---|---|---|
| dhCer 16:0 | 46.3±6.6 | 71.5±15.7⁎ | 120.7±70.4⁎⁎ |
| dhCer 18:0 | 46.1±11.3 | 79.5±22⁎ | 194.1±184.3⁎ |
| dhCer 20:0 | 20.8±5.6 | 23.4±9.1 | 115.7±125.8⁎ |
| dhCer 22:0 | 89.9±18.6 | 125±44.4 | 274.2±187.3 |
| dhCer 24:0 | 207.2±42.7 | 260.1±98.7 | 470.1±288.5 |
| dhCer 24:1 | 108.6±31 | 153±42.8 | 264.1±197.2 |
| Cer 16:0 | 216.9±20.5 | 246.3±55.8 | 344.7±171 |
| Cer 18:0 | 80.4±16 | 102.9±26.6 | 140.7±76.9⁎ |
| Cer 20:0 | 84.7±17.8 | 86.2±15.4 | 166.2±122.2 |
| Cer 22:0 | 663.2±67.8 | 617.6±84.4 | 723.6±266.5 |
| Cer 24:0 | 2647.7±320.9 | 2155.3±350.6 | 2014.1±684.1 |
| Cer 24:1 | 1089.8±474.5 | 963.3±253.2 | 862±225.7 |
| MHC 16:0 | 1285.4±308 | 1618.9±471.6 | 1402.1±398.4 |
| MHC 18:0 | 252±77.1 | 231.8±41.4 | 270.3±67.3 |
| MHC 20:0 | 259.7±83.5 | 230.8±48.8 | 278.3±106.6 |
| MHC 22:0 | 2758.9±769.8 | 2474.4±705.9 | 2608.6±1102.7 |
| MHC 24:0 | 3975.1±1330.2 | 3863.1±1217.4 | 3821.1±1177.1 |
| MHC 24:1 | 3203.8±1586.7 | 3114.6±883.1 | 2508.1±899.7 |
| DHC 16:0 | 6594±1387 | 5239.7±1178.6 | 5250.8±1168.1 |
| DHC 18:0 | 117.6±20.7 | 115.1±26.7 | 159.7±79.3 |
| DHC 20:0 | 111.2±38.3 | 85±38.6 | 256.2±249.5# |
| DHC 22:0 | 520.3±182.7 | 368.2±118.4 | 1128.3±1010.9 |
| DHC 24:0 | 540.2±183.4 | 373.3±111 | 888±659.1 |
| DHC 24:1 | 2043.7±630.5 | 1372.2±370.9 | 1522.4±534.9 |
| THC 16:0 | 1250.3±153.9 | 1252±311.6 | 1344.5±437.2 |
| THC 18:0 | 203.2±49.4 | 178.9±56.8 | 257.3±106.9 |
| THC 20:0 | 67.1±6.5 | 55.7±15.9 | 139.3±116 |
| THC 22:0 | 289.5±41 | 243.6±49 | 687.3±694.6 |
| THC 24:0 | 350.7±54.1 | 301.5±68.5 | 615.5±505.2 |
| THC 24:1 | 698.6±71 | 643.6±166.5 | 953.8±653.3 |
| GM3 16:0 | 1186.8±142.4 | 1499.7±503.6 | 1250.2±314.1 |
| GM3 18:0 | 794.1±125.8 | 748.6±195.3 | 791.6±191.6 |
| GM3 20:0 | 361.1±94.8 | 353.9±72.9 | 444.7±134.2 |
| GM3 22:0 | 1177±273.1 | 1137.9±223.4 | 1274.8±443.1 |
| GM3 24:0 | 1179.9±286.4 | 928.2±204 | 1012.7±180.2 |
| GM3 24:1 | 1918.4±1014.5 | 1692±532.3 | 1581.7±471.8 |
| SM 31:1 | 347±110.5 | 316.1±60.8 | 385.2±149.5 |
| SM 32:0 | 423±84.8 | 512±136.4 | 666.2±176⁎ |
| SM 32:1 | 10970.2±2867.3 | 11084.2±1986.6 | 12645.4±3860.1 |
| SM 32:2 | 868.4±175.4 | 828.5±196.6 | 961.5±461 |
| SM 33:1 | 6931.2±1781.1 | 7052.7±1579.6 | 7729.3±2074.5 |
| SM 34:0 | 4369±686.2 | 5402.1±1442.6 | 6326±803.1⁎⁎ |
| SM 34:1 | 120736.7±12384.6 | 129323.9±26176.6 | 129129.6±22409.9 |
| SM 34:2 | 15620.5±2496.8 | 15680.2±1294 | 16322.5±5561.5 |
| SM 34:3 | 135.9±24.5 | 124.9±19 | 163.3±98.7 |
| SM 35:1 | 4815.2±876.8 | 4845.4±1167.2 | 5248.6±1542.4 |
| SM 35:2 | 773.9±190.4 | 705.4±185.2 | 781.8±310.9 |
| SM 36:1 | 22607±3503.3 | 25721.4±3228.3 | 25610.4±5220.1 |
| SM 36:2 | 9749.1±1996.5 | 9579.6±1292.4 | 10097.5±3951.9 |
| SM 36:3 | 1074.4±360.1 | 924±190.8 | 1074±643.2 |
| SM 37:2 | 512.7±192.1 | 500.2±173.8 | 521.5±291.6 |
| SM 38:1 | 20644±4108.9 | 19264.3±2275.6 | 21268.4±5843.8 |
| SM 38:2 | 6799.4±1206.8 | 6278.9±773.2 | 6563.5±1873.8 |
| SM 39:1 | 10157.8±2045.2 | 7490.5±1875.6 | 7619.5±2037.8 |
| SM 41:1 | 18996±4036.7 | 17979.3±2004.9 | 17306.7±6331.9 |
| SM 41:2 | 19727.3±3049.4 | 17171.9±2962.8 | 16034.9±5041.4 |
| SM 42:1 | 26934.6±4203.4 | 25312±5100 | 26693.5±8431 |
| PC 28:0 | 368.6±286.4 | 376.4±250.1 | 435.5±168.8 |
| PC 29:0 | 91.2±48.6 | 95.1±54.7 | 116.8±62.2 |
| PC 30:0 | 4134.8±2489.4 | 4184.1±1746 | 4956.2±2064.6 |
| PC 31:1 | 1389.3±208.7 | 1454.6±267.7 | 1555.7±508 |
| PC 31:0 | 979.1±388.1 | 1054.1±406.6 | 1209.8±563.1 |
| PC 32:3 | 458.5±86.5 | 376.4±85.7 | 421±155.2 |
| PC 32:2 | 7219.7±1407.8 | 6448.7±1665.9 | 6654.3±2050.4 |
| PC 32:1 | 29454.1±25941.6 | 37082.1±23455 | 30935.6±15626 |
| PC 32:0 | 12671.1±2388.3 | 13403.8±2964.8 | 17114.9±6334 |
| PC 33:3 | 5682.1±1553.1 | 4107.9±708.2 | 4656.7±1065.8 |
| PC 33:2 | 4583.7±1419.7 | 3659.3±1057.2 | 3564.5±1192.7 |
| PC 33:1 | 4384.5±1011.4 | 5046±1359.2 | 4481.8±1552 |
| PC 33:0 | 1655.6±348.4 | 1631.8±314.1 | 1916.6±510.2 |
| PC 34:5 | 171.6±70.9 | 229.6±186.5 | 240.4±98.6 |
| PC 34:4 | 1606.8±581.8 | 1652.5±786.6 | 1834.3±717 |
| PC 34:3 | 22769.1±7352 | 19858.9±5837.6 | 20107.6±5685.3 |
| PC 34:2 | 321046.6±34684 | 290899.5±22001.8 | 293708.3±41432.2 |
| PC 34:1 | 195585.8±52480.2 | 206850.7±55249.4 | 197388.1±53998.2 |
| PC 34:0 | 4348.4±721.1 | 4120.7±721.3 | 5802.8±2909.4 |
| PC 35:5 | 113.2±51.2 | 157.6±72.2 | 169.3±75.2 |
| PC 35:4 | 1240.9±652.1 | 1203±432.6 | 1246.2±501.3 |
| PC 35:3 | 1901.1±134.7 | 1581.4±501.9 | 1506.1±592.2 |
| PC 35:2 | 13544.2±2490.1 | 9696.8±2595.7 | 10090.5±2772.5 |
| PC 35:1 | 8526.9±1780.9 | 7819.8±1872 | 7446.2±1690.3 |
| PC 35:0 | 320.7±67.9 | 281±72.2 | 391.4±120.7 |
| PC 36:6 | 861.1±256.2 | 1095.5±981.7 | 1001.5±345.8 |
| PC 36:5 | 25911.8±9200.7 | 27956.2±10197.1 | 38102.1±10058.6 |
| PC(16:0/20:4) | 112686.7±26551.2 | 121232.6±21119.6 | 127767.4±32566.9 |
| PC(18:1/18:3) | 112686.7±26551.2 | 121232.6±21119.6 | 127767.4±32566.9 |
| PC 36:3 | 152274±15318.6 | 142470.1±19125.1 | 143953.6±22671 |
| PC 36:2 | 252660.6±29711.9 | 210302±11360.1 | 218774.2±27341.8 |
| PC 36:1 | 65109.3±34001.4 | 60096.2±11547.4 | 66580.9±27261.1 |
| PC 36:0 | 406.3±101 | 301.9±56.4 | 791±632.5 |
| PC 37:6 | 797.3±362.2 | 743.9±118.1 | 698±223.9 |
| PC 37:5 | 997.2±204.1 | 1155±445 | 1190.7±384.4 |
| PC 37:4 | 6743.4±2109.5 | 5567.9±1941.8 | 5887.4±1628.4 |
| PC 38:7 | 2140.7±487.2 | 2072.9±1360.1 | 2200.9±673.7 |
| PC(16:0/22:6) | 51011.5±10081.2 | 53855.3±21311.4 | 52577.1±9403.7 |
| PC(18:2/20:4) | 7393.4±1510 | 6016.4±1803.3 | 6887.3±2773.6 |
| PC 38:5 | 59549.9±14643 | 57159.2±11130.5 | 64488.3±12874.4 |
| PC 38:4 | 114510.3±30187.9 | 103817.1±15881.4 | 117427.7±34441.3 |
| PC 38:3 | 50030.3±10091.2 | 54515.2±17004.9 | 52342.7±17609.6 |
| PC 38:2 | 34797.2±6120.1 | 33767.7±4012.4 | 33369.1±6714 |
| PC 39:7 | 83±16.7 | 66.9±27.2 | 70.3±19.5 |
| PC 39:6 | 2128±631.7 | 1710.6±254.6 | 1721±573 |
| PC 39:5 | 1169.4±171.9 | 958.2±154.9 | 993.3±286.5 |
| PC 40:8 | 1759.1±159.3 | 1433±347.5 | 1964.9±654.6 |
| PC 40:7 | 6129.3±1808.9 | 4631.1±1161.6 | 5225.3±1183.4 |
| PC 40:6 | 25202.8±5582.4 | 28273.7±8375.1 | 29250.9±13740.5 |
| PC 40:5 | 19341.9±7261.4 | 18482.1±3718.4 | 21315±7927.1 |
| PC 40:4 | 3645.4±1483.4 | 3399±698.9 | 4450.1±2350.6 |
| PC 14:0_0:0 | 1450.5±967.4 | 1648.7±700.8 | 2068.5±1021.5 |
| PC 15:0_0:0 | 712.4±188.1 | 909.3±398.6 | 862.4±378.9 |
| PC 16:0_0:0 | 64035.6±16477.7 | 81270.5±24156.4 | 79525±28789.3 |
| PC 16:1_0:0 | 3073.1±3006.7 | 3838.9±2309.4 | 3347.7±1738.2 |
| PC 17:0_0:0 | 1733±304 | 1781.3±598 | 1721.4±591.5 |
| PC 17:1_0:0 | 412.9±226.4 | 475.9±140.3 | 447.3±197.6 |
| PC 18:0_0:0 | 20686.9±4892 | 22679±4473.8 | 24098.5±8511.9 |
| PC 18:1_0:0 | 20484.1±12961.7 | 19506.7±7474.2 | 16096.6±5343.9 |
| PC 18:2_0:0 | 25858.1±3718.1 | 20702.9±4240.8 | 16748.8±5693.6 |
| PC 18:3_0:0 | 878.5±600.8 | 686.3±236.6 | 620.4±268.8 |
| PC 20:0_0:0 | 140.6±47.7 | 108±20.6 | 160.9±74 |
| PC 20:1_0:0 | 284.4±142.5 | 252.4±75.3 | 357.9±153.6 |
| PC 20:2_0:0 | 161.7±74.9 | 136.2±54.8 | 155.3±60.2 |
| PC 20:3_0:0 | 2678.8±1133.1 | 2945.5±1104.9 | 2085.1±1098.2 |
| PC 20:4_0:0 | 5258.2±1461.7 | 5528.7±1435.1 | 4635.1±2121.9 |
| PC 20:5_0:0 | 712.6±301.9 | 1214.2±1064.5 | 900.4±451 |
| PC 22:0_0:0 | 33.8±4.5 | 25±5.2 | 28±10 |
| PC 22:1_0:0 | 20.8±10.5 | 19.3±5.2 | 23.3±8.2 |
| PC 22:5_0:0 | 693.9±404 | 642.1±211 | 561.9±224.4 |
| PC 22:6_0:0 | 1521.4±489.9 | 1750.5±1071.8 | 1209.3±335.3 |
| PC 24:0_0:0 | 73±10.6 | 55±17 | 56.3±11.4 |
| PC 26:0_0:0 | 18.6±3.3 | 15.7±6.8 | 16.1±3.1 |
| PC(O-32:0) | 1760.1±422.5 | 1725.1±264.1 | 1765±369.2 |
| PC(O-32:1) | 536.6±129 | 495.5±180.3 | 476.9±140.8 |
| PC(O-32:2) | 99.9±43.6 | 112.8±77.3 | 126.3±67.5 |
| PC(O-34:1) | 4309.9±585.3 | 3993.5±518.9 | 4198.4±983 |
| PC(O-34:2) | 4254.6±1277.4 | 3382.8±360.2 | 3632±916.7 |
| PC(O-34:3) | 123.9±19.7 | 96.6±20.8 | 117.2±49 |
| PC(O-34:4) | 263±28.9 | 232.9±90.6 | 254.6±114.7 |
| PC(O-35:4) | 137.1±46.9 | 168.3±62.8 | 172.6±101 |
| PC(O-36:0) | 62.2±18.2 | 42.6±10.1 | 164.9±154.3 |
| PC(O-36:1) | 699.4±170.2 | 550.8±92 | 673±284.1 |
| PC(O-36:2) | 2607.4±615.2 | 1795.9±208.6 | 2113±596 |
| PC(O-36:3) | 4460.3±850.7 | 4223.1±270.7 | 4185.6±869.3 |
| PC(O-36:4) | 11578.9±3052.7 | 12290.3±1957.4 | 12383.1±3596.9 |
| PC(O-36:5) | 568.1±195.7 | 885.1±499.9 | 899.8±360.8 |
| PC(O-38:4) | 8185.4±2462.8 | 8238.8±809.6 | 8352.4±2172.1 |
| PC(O-38:5) | 10828.4±2246.1 | 10739.9±916.4 | 11138.4±2171.4 |
| PC(O-40:5) | 2945.4±478.9 | 2783.5±435.7 | 2689.5±647.2 |
| PC(O-40:6) | 2031.5±445.6 | 2113.1±407.9 | 2130.7±363.3 |
| PC(O-40:7) | 1698.3±431.3 | 1701.5±440 | 1721.2±362.3 |
| PC(P-30:0) | 122.5±56.5 | 107.8±36.8 | 116.1±18.3 |
| PC(P-32:0) | 1330.4±440.4 | 1312.3±230 | 1423±230.3 |
| PC(P-32:1) | 225±73.5 | 225.4±90.2 | 245.9±85.2 |
| PC(P-34:1) | 2383±276.4 | 2218.2±425.3 | 2474.3±417.2 |
| PC(P-34:2) | 5682.1±1553.1 | 4107.9±708.2 | 4656.7±1065.8 |
| PC(P-34:3) | 87.3±14.4 | 88.2±19.8 | 113±41.4 |
| PC(P-36:2) | 2427.2±675 | 1886.1±418.2 | 2214.6±479.6 |
| PC(P-36:4) | 7145.8±731 | 7776.4±1691 | 8379.8±2858 |
| PC(P-36:5) | 576.1±118.2 | 827.7±441.2 | 958.4±574.4 |
| PC(P-38:4) | 2954.2±435.3 | 3072.1±540.9 | 3339.6±1290.2 |
| PC(P-38:5) | 4598.9±761.8 | 5059.4±1125.2 | 5301.6±1374.1 |
| PC(P-38:6) | 872.6±173.2 | 1079.8±468.5 | 1059±319.5 |
| PC(P-40:6) | 482.8±143.1 | 585.9±260.4 | 559.9±156.8 |
| PC(O-16:0/0:0) | 313±86.8 | 389.6±82.1 | 491.2±207.2 |
| PC(O-18:0/0:0) | 102.6±27.3 | 107.9±24.6 | 163.9±87.8 |
| PC(O-18:1/0:0) | 229.9±89.1 | 246.8±49.7 | 361.3±151.8 |
| PC(O-20:1/0:0) | 16.7±7.6 | 13.7±3.9 | 17.9±8.6 |
| PC(O-22:0/0:0) | 42.2±11.5 | 42±7.8 | 36.3±5 |
| PC(O-22:1/0:0) | 36.1±16.4 | 28±8 | 23.6±7.3 |
| PC(O-24:0/0:0) | 83.9±27.9 | 82.3±21 | 79.2±6 |
| PC(O-24:1/0:0) | 120.2±62.2 | 94.7±27.1 | 85.2±13.8 |
| PC(O-24:2/0:0) | 20.8±8.5 | 11.4±4 | 13.2±2.9 |
| PE 32:1 | 112.3±173.3 | 136.9±140.1 | 147.1±151.1 |
| PE 34:1 | 1786.3±2028.9 | 1667.2±896.3 | 2553.2±2061.4 |
| PE 34:2 | 2699.6±1330.1 | 2753.3±1212 | 3475.8±1896.7 |
| PE 34:3 | 224.1±197.4 | 184.7±101.7 | 230.4±146.8 |
| PE 35:1 | 161.8±146.1 | 136.7±60.1 | 170±89.9 |
| PE 35:2 | 184.5±99.1 | 146.9±76.7 | 174.3±67.8 |
| PE 36:1 | 2235.9±2702.6 | 1328.5±368 | 2849±2193.8 |
| PE 36:2 | 9985.6±7296.1 | 6783.9±1663.9 | 11031.4±6448 |
| PE 36:3 | 3153±2349.3 | 1952.6±598.7 | 3443.1±1787.9 |
| PE 36:4 | 2838.8±1220.9 | 2853.6±1199.9 | 4855.5±3665.1 |
| PE 36:5 | 293.3±277.9 | 367.5±392.9 | 414.9±270.7 |
| PE 38:3 | 1769.5±1145.2 | 1402.2±612.9 | 2760.4±2211.3 |
| PE 38:4 | 8155.7±3969.9 | 6235.9±1782.5 | 15795.8±13903.8 |
| PE 38:5 | 3251.4±2184.1 | 2955±1455.2 | 5273.9±3989.3 |
| PE 38:6 | 3358.7±1034.7 | 4436.2±2952.1 | 4777.5±3375.1 |
| PE 40:4 | 231.2±212.1 | 129±40.9 | 776.9±873.6 |
| PE 40:5 | 845±626.1 | 772.3±285.5 | 1573.2±1389 |
| PE 40:6 | 1985.1±1012.5 | 2217.1±989.5 | 2780±2053.9 |
| PE 40:7 | 390.9±251.1 | 314.6±173.2 | 537±386.4 |
| PE(O-18:0/22:5) | 189.5±38.7 | 201.9±68.7 | 224.1±97.6 |
| PE(O-18:1/18:2) | 170.6±46.1 | 173.6±71.8 | 134.4±45.7 |
| PE(O-18:1/20:3) | 576.3±102.3 | 646.5±208.9 | 851±409.8 |
| PE(O-18:2/18:2) | 600.3±127.1 | 762.9±221.5 | 734.7±287.9 |
| PE(O-18:2/20:3) | 823.9±73.2 | 926.8±336.4 | 887.4±303.9 |
| PE(O-18:2/22:5) | 213.8±28.5 | 226±92.4 | 241.5±71.4 |
| PE(O-34:1) | 152.2±31.8 | 147.1±67.8 | 139.8±41.8 |
| PE(O-34:2) | 92.1±35.9 | 89.4±35.5 | 78±32.8 |
| PE(O-36:2) | 70.5±16.7 | 88.7±39.9 | 86±39.5 |
| PE(O-36:5) | 65.7±14 | 93.1±72.3 | 91.4±65.1 |
| PE(O-36:6) | 34.3±10.4 | 71.7±44.9 | 95.4±32.5⁎⁎ |
| PE(O-40:6) | 210.2±24.8 | 210.4±52.8 | 208.9±86.2 |
| PE(P-16:0/18:1) | 66.7±12.8 | 84.4±38.6 | 107.8±60.8 |
| PE(P-16:0/18:2) | 100.6±40.4 | 135.4±50.3 | 127.9±27.1 |
| PE(P-16:0/20:4) | 331.1±19.9 | 409.4±122.2 | 951.1±754.5 |
| PE(P-16:0/22:5) | 1032.9±105.8 | 1382.6±732.5 | 1628±691.8 |
| PE(P-16:0/22:6) | 273.1±59.2 | 353.6±172.7 | 374.1±76.2 |
| PE(P-18:0/18:1) | 70.5±16.7 | 88.7±39.9 | 86±39.5 |
| PE(P-18:0/18:2) | 311.5±118.8 | 337.1±104.9 | 329.7±73.2 |
| PE(P-18:0/20:4) | 737±81 | 799.3±260.2 | 1987.7±1556.7 |
| PE(P-18:0/22:5) | 395.8±50.8 | 449.6±258.8 | 627.6±322.6 |
| PE(P-18:0/22:6) | 219.4±36.2 | 286.2±197.7 | 286.2±77.5 |
| PE(16:0_0:0) | 1355.4±601.2 | 1827.6±933.3 | 1669.1±711.2 |
| PE(18:0_0:0) | 2434.3±1267.8 | 2559.4±852 | 3768.1±2358.8 |
| PE(18:1_0:0) | 3437.2±3836.1 | 2205.6±691.9 | 2285±847.4 |
| PE(18:2_0:0) | 4242±2115 | 3335.9±937.7 | 2380.2±564.1 |
| PE(20:4_0:0) | 1891.9±667.5 | 1702.2±298.4 | 1576.4±452 |
| PE(22:6_0:0) | 1377.9±402.5 | 1723.5±836.7 | 1042.7±168.4## |
| PI 32:0 | 384.5±238.9 | 1302.4±1204.3 | 1240.2±1080.8 |
| PI 32:1 | 819.7±771.7 | 3314.5±3854.2 | 2080.4±1952.6 |
| PI 34:0 | 153.5±58 | 362.2±298.8⁎ | 342.8±287.7 |
| PI 34:1 | 8427±4815.1 | 17398.1±11562.1 | 12850.4±9325.1 |
| PI 36:1 | 9148.6±4428.3 | 11986.8±4399.9 | 9382.8±4817.2 |
| PI 36:2 | 22965.5±6974.4 | 25557.5±8566.8 | 20820±3299.5 |
| PI 36:3 | 6773.6±3294.2 | 6093.6±1601.8 | 6415.4±1885.4 |
| PI 36:4 | 6193.6±2762.2 | 6555.4±2189.8 | 28562.8±50448.9 |
| PI 38:2 | 775.6±536 | 540±103.1 | 738.7±412.5 |
| PI 38:3 | 11259.1±4650.4 | 8023.3±1480.1 | 9582.2±2559.5 |
| PI 38:4 | 42280.7±11985.9 | 28710.8±5496.6 | 47736.2±21064.5 |
| PI 38:5 | 4390.8±3078.9 | 3827.9±1264.1 | 5561.7±2560.2 |
| PI 38:6 | 901.9±428.9 | 1641.8±1327.5 | 1364.7±561.9 |
| PI 40:4 | 559.6±250.2 | 515.2±62.7 | 804.8±532.7 |
| PI 40:5 | 1608.8±583.2 | 2479±935.9 | 2218.6±988.7 |
| PI 40:6 | 1647±616.1 | 2981.7±2190.1 | 2165.5±928.8 |
| PI (18:0_0:0) | 707.4±218.5 | 700.5±143.1 | 1378.7±872.5 |
| PI (18:1_0:0) | 490.2±206.2 | 710.8±385.3 | 634.2±284.8 |
| PI (18:2_0:0) | 495.9±156.9 | 692.2±365.4 | 494.9±192.9 |
| PI (20:4_0:0) | 650.2±161.5 | 589±126.1 | 629.7±142.3 |
| PS 36:1 | 1418.5±935.8⁎⁎ | 259.4±259.9 | 7733.4±9425.3# |
| PS 38:3 | 299.8±158.4⁎ | 53.7±91.9 | 1559.3±1791.7# |
| PS 38:4 | 191.7±133.1 | 135.7±62.2 | 316.2±244.8 |
| PS 40:5 | 123±65.4⁎⁎ | 13.6±33.4 | 590.9±659.3# |
| PS 40:6 | 128.3±53.9 | 36.5±49.6 | 572.1±619.6# |
| PG 18:0_18:1 | 110.6±101.9 | 76.4±26.9 | 105.7±68.8 |
| PG 18:1_18:1 | 80.4±71.6 | 66.1±26.6 | 88.1±55.1 |
| CE 14:0 | 19911.2±15468.1 | 21884.7±9734.9 | 23811.5±9856.2 |
| CE 15:0 | 17699.3±5671.7 | 22221.3±10818 | 20997.5±6853.8 |
| CE 16:0 | 318876.5±42174.4 | 365155.6±30084.7 | 353655.5±52830.9 |
| CE 16:1 | 115561.6±152024.7 | 151872.5±70309.1 | 134746.3±92283.7 |
| CE 16:2 | 2779.4±1580.8 | 3445.8±1357.5 | 3464.8±1066.5 |
| CE 17:0 | 8220.8±1483.9 | 9469.3±4026.2 | 7904.5±2728.8 |
| CE 17:1 | 34230.6±8103 | 42325.3±9076.7 | 38586.9±7584.2 |
| CE 18:0 | 17830.9±2511.8 | 20183.7±6264.9 | 15798.2±5758.3 |
| CE 18:1 | 300937±93437.4 | 304312.4±43611.3 | 281342.1±59416.8 |
| CE 18:2 | 318759.8±45580.4 | 350004.5±54887 | 329663.9±68020.6 |
| CE 18:3 | 53088.2±26201.8 | 57313.5±16055.8 | 54718.4±19826.1 |
| CE 20:1 | 272.6±60.2 | 255.9±71.9 | 225.5±45.5 |
| CE 20:2 | 1476.3±554.3 | 1848.2±545.9 | 1611.8±644.6 |
| CE 20:3 | 21197.7±6332.2 | 22717.8±4660 | 21939.8±7333.3 |
| CE 20:4 | 125537.8±42656.5 | 145713.5±27527.5 | 139683.5±54248.4 |
| CE 20:5 | 34335.7±15700.4 | 49320.2±11003 | 49395±20742.3 |
| CE 22:0 | 185.1±43.8 | 181.4±66.6 | 154.1±65.3 |
| CE 22:1 | 94.4±35 | 93.7±39.9 | 80.5±22.7 |
| CE 22:4 | 61.6±29.4 | 72±18.9 | 72±20.6 |
| CE 22:5 | 1013.3±410.8 | 1045.9±225.5 | 1056.1±331.8 |
| CE 22:6 | 14640.6±4365.5 | 17865.2±3604.4 | 15897.9±6664.7 |
| CE 24:0 | 157.1±66.7 | 166.1±56.8 | 141.1±58.4 |
| CE 24:1 | 151.5±67.3 | 130.3±40.6 | 117.7±30 |
| CE 24:5 | 11.2±4.5 | 9.9±4.5 | 11.9±7.6 |
| CE 24:6 | 13.3±13.7 | 11.9±4.1 | 12.6±8.7 |
| COH | 919851.6±43495 | 886588.6±126000.8 | 878693.3±260061.4 |
| DG 14:0_14:0 | 24.5±29.2 | 28±21.7 | 80.6±110.5 |
| DG 14:0_16:0 | 458.3±462.2 | 623.8±328.4 | 1302±1164.1 |
| DG 14:0_18:1 | 1160.6±1314.6 | 1325.1±604 | 2139.1±1769.8 |
| DG 14:0_18:2 | 369.9±197.1 | 434.6±274.5 | 666.6±555.3 |
| DG 14:1_16:0 | 59.7±93.9 | 66.5±41 | 126.9±97.4 |
| DG 16:0_18:1 | 7495±5862.4 | 10715.9±3041.9 | 17638.8±13327.8 |
| DG 16:0_18:2 | 2318±916.1 | 2589.8±669.2 | 4784.2±3174.3 |
| DG 16:0_20:0 | 180.1±113.4 | 174.5±34.5 | 307.6±147.6 |
| DG 16:0_20:3 | 162.1±165.4 | 240.9±99.2 | 401.8±299.6 |
| DG 16:0_20:4 | 388.7±311.5 | 663.2±306.4 | 1051.5±898.8 |
| DG 16:0_22:5 | 190.4±45.8 | 281.5±126.8 | 422.3±221.5 |
| DG 16:0_22:6 | 203.2±132.7 | 284±122.7 | 552.8±376.6 |
| DG 16:1_18:1 | 3118.2±3175.2 | 3348.5±1197.4 | 4167.9±2343.6 |
| DG 18:0_16:1 | 217.8±339.7 | 272.2±142.2 | 450.2±423.4 |
| DG 18:0_18:1 | 1744.2±1866.3 | 2014.4±596.2 | 3535.7±3186.2 |
| DG 18:0_18:2 | 824.4±434.3 | 933.8±322.2 | 1616.1±1457.3 |
| DG 18:0_20:4 | 252.9±148.4 | 240.2±49.4 | 605.5±397.4 |
| DG 18:1_18:1 | 14549.8±9201.7 | 13502.3±4060.8 | 17117.7±9597.7 |
| DG 18:1_18:2 | 10383±4910.3 | 7497.6±2434.9 | 10707.9±6581.3 |
| DG 18:1_18:3 | 1980.3±1524.4 | 1303.2±480.4 | 2004.9±1623.8 |
| DG 18:1_20:3 | 831.6±581.4 | 681.8±211.2 | 943.7±361.1 |
| DG 18:1_20:4 | 2052.9±1339.5 | 2009.6±658.1 | 2734.6±2134.5 |
| DG 18:2_18:2 | 2051.3±1172.5 | 1121.7±505.6 | 1846.7±1348.7 |
| TG 14:0_16:0_18:2 | 2119.9±3113.8 | 1681.5±824.2 | 1786.2±981 |
| TG 14:0_16:1_18:1 | 15689.1±24325.8 | 12817±6682.9 | 16676±10702.5 |
| TG 14:0_16:1_18:2 | 2356.8±2863.1 | 1815.6±1350.6 | 2527±2157 |
| TG 14:0_18:0_18:1 | 538.5±552.8 | 460.9±131.6 | 462.6±218 |
| TG 14:0_18:2_18:2 | 1137.3±518.5 | 713.1±465 | 962.1±755.1 |
| TG 14:1_16:0_18:1 | 2913.9±4586.8 | 3061.4±1774.1 | 3288.7±2061 |
| TG 14:1_16:1_18:0 | 11433.7±18825.8 | 12185.2±6784.1 | 13214.2±11740.7 |
| TG 14:1_18:0_18:2 | 587.9±814 | 367.3±145.7 | 402.8±254.7 |
| TG 14:1_18:1_18:1 | 5765.4±5038.3 | 4539.6±1635 | 4974.2±2103.2 |
| TG 15:0_18:1_16:0 | 2349.5±2154.4 | 3097±1687.9 | 3683.8±2197.4 |
| TG 15:0_18:1_18:1 | 787.1±219.4 | 906.1±477.9 | 802.7±381.6 |
| TG 16:0_16:0_16:0 | 2670±2206.5 | 4654.4±2248.9 | 6093.1±4616.8 |
| TG 16:0_16:0_18:0 | 5670.6±3855.1 | 7917.6±2955.5 | 11025.9±7699.3 |
| TG 16:0_16:0_18:1 | 39184.4±32509.9 | 56361.6±19969.8 | 65983.9±39537.3 |
| TG 16:0_16:0_18:2 | 7858.6±3073.8 | 10895.8±4724.1 | 12934.1±6843.3 |
| TG 16:0_16:1_18:1 | 53777.2±54131.9 | 58534.3±20253.6 | 60182.4±28638.4 |
| TG 16:0_18:0_18:1 | 11200.2±12018.9 | 14306.1±5315.3 | 16854.7±12231.3 |
| TG 16:0_18:1_18:1 | 96078.5±49303.2 | 102766.9±29150.6 | 94045.1±30306.6 |
| TG 16:0_18:1_18:2 | 50245.6±14957.3 | 44603.8±14388.1 | 45817±19032.6 |
| TG 16:0_18:2_18:2 | 10728.3±4558.1 | 7949.2±3049.6 | 9207.8±4769.3 |
| TG 16:1_16:1_16:1 | 1298±1974.5 | 978.3±481.6 | 1075.6±613.7 |
| TG 16:1_16:1_18:0 | 1118.1±1548.6 | 1097.3±591.6 | 1628.9±1386.9 |
| TG 16:1_16:1_18:1 | 5830.4±6020.4 | 6054±2336.5 | 5832.5±2611.2 |
| TG 16:1_18:1_18:1 | 8334±6440.3 | 6584±2595.6 | 5665.5±1726.4 |
| TG 16:1_18:1_18:2 | 16271.1±8921.3 | 11648.1±3692.4 | 12053.5±4609.8 |
| TG 17:0_16:0_16:1 | 412.6±119.6 | 578±194.7 | 437.3±165.9 |
| TG 17:0_16:0_18:0 | 33.1±29.6 | 45.2±24.4 | 38.3±15.6 |
| TG 17:0_18:1_14:0 | 256.1±94.5 | 386.3±119.9 | 280.7±154.7 |
| TG 17:0_18:1_16:0 | 1904.5±1106.6 | 2861.4±1753.5 | 2842.9±1672.3 |
| TG 17:0_18:1_16:1 | 282.5±66.4 | 345.2±108.8 | 231.7±71.5 |
| TG 17:0_18:1_18:1 | 3862.7±1563 | 4070.7±1405.4 | 3657.8±1141 |
| TG 17:0_18:2_16:0 | 277.6±60.9 | 310.2±81.5 | 223.6±53.8 |
| TG 18:0_18:0_18:1 | 1530.8±2332.7 | 1447.7±702.3 | 2256.5±2571.5 |
| TG 18:0_18:1_18:1 | 13343.8±13301.1 | 10862.7±3685.2 | 12069.8±8074.6 |
| TG 18:0_18:2_18:2 | 3080.7±1786.8 | 2469.2±1537 | 2553.7±1934.8 |
| TG 18:1_14:0_16:0 | 9937.5±11568.4 | 11871.3±6719.1 | 15809±10286.6 |
| TG 18:1_18:1_18:1 | 26949.1±22999.8 | 16927±6518.7 | 16775.2±8249.9 |
| TG 18:1_18:1_18:2 | 10502.4±7340.7 | 5232.1±2012.8 | 6180.4±4024.4 |
| TG 18:1_18:1_20:4 | 1208.6±674.2 | 1026.1±284 | 1080.7±620.9 |
| TG 18:1_18:1_22:6 | 1655.5±877.7 | 1705.9±490.9 | 1594.5±831 |
| TG 18:1_18:2_18:2 | 11330.7±10454.7 | 4571.6±1798.6 | 5623±4646.3 |
| TG 18:2_18:2_18:2 | 1150.9±1011.2 | 401±172.2 | 558.7±526.4 |
| TG 18:2_18:2_20:4 | 294.9±212.7 | 212.5±88.1 | 285.4±253.6 |
Abbreviations: dhCer, dihydroceramide; CE, cholesteryl ester; Cer, ceramide; COH, cholesterol; DG, diacylglycerol; DHC, dihexosylceramide; GM3, GM3 ganglioside; MHC, monohexosylceramide; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PC(O), alkylphosphatidylcholine; PC(P), alkenylphosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PE(O), alkylphosphatidylethanolamine; PE(P), alkenylphosphatidylethanolamine; PG, phosphatidylglycerol; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PS, phosphatidylserine; SM, sphingomyelin; TG, triacylglycerol; THC, trihexosylceramide.
Means ± SD are shown. Concentrations are given in pmol/ml.
⁎
p<0.05 vs HIV Negative.
⁎⁎
p<0.01 vs HIV Negative.
#
p<0.05 vs WT HIV.
##
p<0.01 vs WT HIV (ANOVA).
2. Experimental design, materials and methods
Patients infected with nef-deficient strain of HIV-1 (ΔNefHIV, n=6) were all members of the SBBC cohort. They were compared with patients infected with Nef-positive (WT) HIV-1 strain (n=6) and six HIV negative subjects selected from a group of healthy volunteers. Description of the patients is presented in the main paper [1].
Lipidomic analysis was performed as described previously [2]. In brief, lipids from 10 μl of plasma were extracted using a modified, single phase Folch method; the analysis was done in triplicates. The analysis was performed by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC ESI-MS/MS) using a Agilent 1200 liquid chromatography system, and Applied Biosystems API 4000Q/TRAP mass spectrometer with a turbo-ion spray source (350 °C) and Analyst 1.5 and MultiQuant data systems using a Zorbax C18, 1.8 μm, 50×2.1-mm2 column (Agilent Technologies). Lipid concentrations were calculated by relating the peak area of each species to the peak area of the corresponding internal standard.
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by grants from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (GNT1019847) and NIH (HL101274) to DS and MB and in part by the Victorian Government׳s OIS Program. DS and PM are Fellows of the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia.
References
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