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. 2013 Jul 5;4(8):582–590. doi: 10.1007/s13238-013-3032-y

Respiratory supercomplexes: structure, function and assembly

Rasika Vartak 1, Christina Ann-Marie Porras 1, Yidong Bai 1,✉
PMCID: PMC4708086  NIHMSID: NIHMS747473  PMID: 23828195

Abstract

The mitochondrial respiratory chain consists of 5 enzyme complexes that are responsible for ATP generation. The paradigm of the electron transport chain as discrete enzymes diffused in the inner mitochondrial membrane has been replaced by the solid state supercomplex model wherein the respiratory complexes associate with each other to form supramolecular complexes. Defects in these supercomplexes, which have been shown to be functionally active and required for forming stable respiratory complexes, have been associated with many genetic and neurodegenerative disorders demonstrating their biomedical significance. In this review, we will summarize the functional and structural significance of supercomplexes and provide a comprehensive review of their assembly and the assembly factors currently known to play a role in this process.

Keywords: supercomplex, mitochondrial, respiration

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