1	Tip of penis straight or slightly bent (Figs 327, 350)	2
–	Tip of penis strongly bent (up to 90°) (Figs 354, 356)	19
2	Penis lacks distinct apex (apically smooth, truncate, pointed, with minor apical extension) (Figs 344, 349)	3
–	Penis with distinct asymmetric apex (with hook, truncate lateral enlargement) (Figs 324, 335)	7
3	Large species, body length 4.1–4.3 mm; penis, lateral aspect, strongly bent (Fig. 345)	Laccophilus grammicus (p. 208)
–	Smaller species, body length 3.5–4.0 mm; penis, lateral aspect, distinctly straighter	4
4	Penis apex broad, clearly twisted (Fig. 349)	5
–	Penis apex comparatively slender, slightly curved, not twisted (Fig. 347)	6
5	Penis apex with minor but distinct, apical extension (Fig. 350)	Laccophilus lineatus (p. 214)
–	Penis lacks distinct apical extension (Figs 348–349)	Laccophilus burgeoni (p. 212)
6	Penis, lateral aspect, slightly and evenly curved; equally broad (Fig. 347)	Laccophilus flavoscriptus (p. 210)
–	Penis, lateral aspect, external curvature uneven; width unequal (Fig. 353)	Laccophilus incomptus (p. 224)
7	Penis, lateral aspect, two-sided hooked (Fig. 324); elytra with dark, longitudinal markings variable, mixed (Figs 468–469)	Laccophilus mutatus (p. 181)
–	Penis, lateral aspect, one-sided hooked (Fig. 332); colour pattern of elytra different	8
8	Elytral longitudinal, dark markings complete, not interrupted; each marking from base to apex strongly undulate (Figs 479–480), or elytral colour pattern reduced, no dark markings (Fig. 478); apex of penis strongly hooked (Fig. 332)	Laccophilus cyclopis (p. 189)
–	Elytral dark markings complete, only in part, slightly undulate (in some species elytral dark markings merged into extensive larger area; apex of penis hooked or shape different	9
9	Penis apex distinct, separated by distinct contraction (Fig. 335)	10
–	Penis apex contraction merged to narrow incision (Fig. 339)	16
10	Base of elytra entirely dark coloured; dark colour interrupted by transverse pale coloured marking which is broken narrowly at suture (Fig. 482)	11
–	Base of elytra pale coloured; sometimes provided with dark spots but they do not merge to a complete dark, basal area (Fig. 471)	14
11	Dark longitudinal markings of elytra discernible although often partly merged (Fig. 482)	12
–	Dark longitudinal markings of elytra merged into uniform, dark area (Fig. 483)	13
12	Larger species (body length 3.8–4.3 mm); penis longer and straighter (Fig. 335)	Laccophilus necopinus (p. 199)
–	Small species (body length 3.4–3.8 mm); penis short and curved (Fig. 333)	Laccophilus adjutor (p. 196)
13	Larger species (body length 3.2–3.5 mm); penis delicate, medially distinctly constricted (Figs 337–338)	Laccophilus conjunctus (p. 201)
–	Small species (body length 3.1–3.2 mm); penis more robust, medially not constricted (Fig. 343)	Laccophilus inconstans (Fig. 207)
14	Small species (body length 3.8–4.2 mm); penis posterior to apex on right side with curved outline (Fig. 326)	Laccophilus quindecimvittatus (Fig. 182)
–	Large species (body length 4.5–5.1); penis posterior to apex on right side with straight outline (Fig. 328)	15
15	Penis robust; from apex posteriorly, distinctly enlarged (Fig. 328)	Laccophilus empheres (p. 185)
–	Penis more slender; from apex posteriorly moderately enlarged (Fig. 327)	Laccophilus incrassatus (p. 184)
16	Penis apical half almost straight, evenly broad (Fig. 339)	Laccophilus brownei (p. 202)
–	Penis apical half slightly angled, width variable (Fig. 330)	17
17	Broad, robust species (length of body 3.9–4.4 mm); penis as in Fig. 326 (Madagascar)	Laccophilus lateralis (p. 187)
–	Elongate, generally smaller species (length of body 3.5–3.9 mm) (Africa, mainland)	18
18	Small species (body length 3.5 mm); penis as in Fig. 352	Laccophilus brancuccii (p. 223)
–	Larger species (length of body 3.5–3.9 mm); penis as in Fig. 341–342	Laccophilus contiro (p. 204)
19	Strongly bent tip of penis short (Fig. 354)	Laccophilus secundus (p. 226)
–	Strongly bent tip of penis prolonged (Fig. 356)	Laccophilus australis (p. 230)