Table 1.

Overview of randomized controlled trials on lifestyle intervention for prevention of stone recurrence

Trial	Intervention	Duration	Patient type	Coaching frequency	RR
Shuster 1992 [54]	Replace soft-drinks	35	37 % 1st, 63 % rec	6 year	0.85
Borghi 1996 [4]	Drinking advice	60	1st with residual fragments	1 + 4 year volume measurement	0.45
Hiatt 1996 [13]	Low protein	42	1st, no residual fragments	2 year	5.88
Kocvara 1999 [14]	Tailored diet	36	1st, 21 % residual fragments	1 year vs. 1, 3 year control group	0.32
Borghi 2002 [17]	Low animal protein, low salt	60	Recurrent, 27 % residual fragment explicit wish for dietary intervention	1 + 4 year volume measurement	0.45
Sarica 2006 [55]	Drinking advice	12	Recurrent	2, 3 year	0.15
Dussol 2007 [56]	High fiber/low animal protein	48	Recurrent	3 year	0.83/1