Table 3.

Overview of the study groups

Group	Blood flow restriction	Frequency	Exercise regimen
Exercise control group	No	Twice weekly	• 3 sets of leg extension, calf raises, and arm curls at 25 % of individuals’ isometric MVC to failure (30–60 seconds rest between sets) • 3 sets of trunk extension at 25 % for 15 repetitions (30–60 seconds rest between sets) • Up to 3 minutes rest between each exercise station
BFR exercise group	• Pressure cuffs applied to the upper leg during legs exercises and upper arms during arm curls • Pressure is maintained throughout the 3 sets for the respective exercises	Twice weekly	• 3 sets of leg extension, calf raises, and arm curls at 25 % of individuals’ isometric MVC with BFR to failure (30–60 seconds rest between sets) • 3 sets of trunk extension at 25 % of individuals’ isometric MVC for 15 repetitions (30–60 seconds rest between sets) with BFR on upper arm • Up to 3 minutes rest between each exercise station

BFR blood flow restriction, MVC maximum voluntary contraction