Figure 1.
a) Map of Siberia with major archaeological sites. Triangles: Neandertal fossils; white circle in triangle: Denisovan fossils; blue squares: Initial Upper Palaeolithic sites; orange symbol: Ust’-Ishim. 1: Ust’-Ishim; 2: Chagyrskaya Cave; 3: Okladnikov Cave; 4: Denisova Cave; 5: Kara-Bom; B) Radiocarbon ages of early modern human fossils in Northern Eurasia and the NGRIP δ18O palaeotemperature record. Specimens in light grey are indirectly dated. H5: Heinrich 5 event, H4: Heinrich 4 event, GI 12: Greenland Interstadial 12. For a more extensive comparison see Figure SI2.1. c–f) The Ust’-Ishim 1 femur. c) lateral view; d) posterior view; e) cross section at the 80 percent level; f) cross section at the midshaft. For other views see Figure S3.1.