Skip to main content
Journal of Clinical Pathology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Pathology
. 1977 Jun;30(6):579–584. doi: 10.1136/jcp.30.6.579

Aetiology of cirrhosis, hepatic fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

W K Blenkinsopp, G P Haffenden
PMCID: PMC476472  PMID: 194927

Abstract

Histological study of 69 cases of cirrhosis, 9 of severe generalised hepatic fibrosis, and 19 of hepatocellular carcinoma showed an association with alcohol, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or a1-antitrypsin bodies in, respectively, 41 (cirrhosis), 5 (fibrosis), and 9 (carcinoma). Eight of the cirrhotic cases and two of the carcinoma cases had double associations, HBsAg being present in all. Torcein and aldehyde fuchsin staining gave both false positive and false negative results when compared with immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase methods for HBsAg. Large amounts of copper were found in four cirrhotic livers, and moderate amounts in 13: the diagnostic value of copper staining is questioned.

Full text

PDF
579

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Berg N. O., Eriksson S. Liver disease in adults with alpha-1 -antitrypsin deficiency. N Engl J Med. 1972 Dec 21;287(25):1264–1267. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197212212872502. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Blenkinsopp W. K., Haffenden G. P. Alpha-1-antitrypsin bodies in the liver. J Clin Pathol. 1977 Feb;30(2):132–137. doi: 10.1136/jcp.30.2.132. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Boxall E. H., Flewett T. H., Paton A., Rassam S. W. Hepatitis-B surface antigen and cirrhosis in Iraq. Gut. 1976 Feb;17(2):119–121. doi: 10.1136/gut.17.2.119. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bradfield J. W., Blenkinsopp W. K. Alpha-1-antitrypsin globules in the liver and PiM phenotype. J Clin Pathol. 1977 May;30(5):464–466. doi: 10.1136/jcp.30.5.464. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Brunt P. W., Kew M. C., Scheuer P. J., Sherlock S. Studies in alcoholic liver disease in Britain. I. Clinical and pathological patterns related to natural history. Gut. 1974 Jan;15(1):52–58. doi: 10.1136/gut.15.1.52. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Burns J. Background staining and sensitivity of the unlabelled antibody-enzyme (PAP) method. Comparison with the peroxidase labelled antibody sandwich method using formalin fixed paraffin embedded material. Histochemistry. 1975 Jun 5;43(3):291–294. doi: 10.1007/BF00499711. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Christoffersen P., Nielsen K. The frequency of Mallory bodies in liver biopsies from chronic alcoholics. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand A. 1971;79(3):274–278. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb01818.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Cook G. C., Mulligan R., Sherlock S. Controlled prospective trial of corticosteroid therapy in active chronic hepatitis. Q J Med. 1971 Apr;40(158):159–185. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.qjmed.a067264. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Cook P. J. Genetic aspects of the Pi system. Postgrad Med J. 1974 Jun;50(584):362–364. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.50.584.362. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Deodhar K. P., Tapp E., Scheuer P. J. Orcein staining of hepatitis B antigen in paraffin sections of liver biopsies. J Clin Pathol. 1975 Jan;28(1):66–70. doi: 10.1136/jcp.28.1.66. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Eriksson S., Moestrup T., Hägerstrand I. Liver, lung and malignant disease in heterozygous (Pi MZ) alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. Acta Med Scand. 1975 Oct;198(4):243–247. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1975.tb19535.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Fleming C. R., Dickson E. R., Baggenstoss A. H., McCall J. T. Copper and primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 1974 Dec;67(6):1182–1187. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Galambos J. T. Jejunoileal bypass and nutritional liver injury. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1976 May;100(5):229–231. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Gerber M. A., Hadziyannis S., Vernace S., Vissoulis C. Incidence and nature of cytoplasmic hepatitis B antigen in hepatocytes. Lab Invest. 1975 Feb;32(2):251–256. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Green H. T., Turner G. C. Proceedings: Hepatitis B antigen subtypes in Northwest England and North Wales. J Clin Pathol. 1975 Sep;28(9):754–754. doi: 10.1136/jcp.28.9.754-b. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Hodgson H. J., Thompson R. P. Cirrhosis in South London. Lancet. 1976 Jul 17;2(7977):118–120. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(76)92845-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. LEEVY C. M., GELLENE R., NING M. PRIMARY LIVER CANCER IN CIRRHOSIS OF THE ALCOHOLIC. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1964 Apr 2;114:1026–1040. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lelbach W. K. Cirrhosis in the alcoholic and its relation to the volume of alcohol abuse. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1975 Apr 25;252:85–105. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb19146.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lieber C. S. Liver disease and alcohol: fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and their interrelationships. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1975 Apr 25;252:63–84. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb19145.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. MacSween R. N., Scott A. R. Hepatic cirrhosis: a clinico-pathological review of 520 cases. J Clin Pathol. 1973 Dec;26(12):936–942. doi: 10.1136/jcp.26.12.936. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Morin T., Martin J. P., Feldmann G., Rueff B., Benhamou J. P., Ropartz C. Heterozygous alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and cirrhosis in adults, a fortuitous association. Lancet. 1975 Feb 1;1(7901):250–251. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)91143-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Nayak N. C., Ramalingaswami V. Indian childhood cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol. 1975 May;4(2):333–349. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Nayak N. C., Sachdeva R. Localization of hepatitis B surface antigen in conventional paraffin sections of the liver. Comparison of immunofluorescence, immunoperoxidase, and orcein staining methods with regard to their specificity and reliability as antigen marker. Am J Pathol. 1975 Dec;81(3):479–492. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Page A. R., Good R. A., Pollara B. Long-term results of therapy in patients with chronic liver disease associated with hypergammaglobulinemia. Am J Med. 1969 Nov;47(5):765–774. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(69)90169-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Palmer P. E., Wolfe H. J. Alpha-antitrypsin deposition in primary hepatic carcinomas. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1976 May;100(5):232–236. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Portmann B., Galbraith R. M., Eddleston A. L., Zuckerman A. J., Williams R. Detection of HBSAG in fixed liver tissue - use of a modified immunofluorescent technique and comparison with histochemical methods. Gut. 1976 Jan;17(1):1–9. doi: 10.1136/gut.17.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Ray M. B., Desmet V. J., Bradburne A. F., Desmyter J., Fevery J., De Groote J. Differential distribution of hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core antigen in the liver of hepatitis B patients. Gastroenterology. 1976 Sep;71(3):462–469. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Ray M. B., Desmet V. J., Fevery J., De Groote J., Bradburne A. F., Desmyter J. Distribution patterns of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the liver of hepatitis patients. J Clin Pathol. 1976 Feb;29(2):94–100. doi: 10.1136/jcp.29.2.94. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Ray M. B., Desmet V. J., Fevery J., De Groote J., Bradburne A. F., Desmyter J. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the liver of patients with hepatitis; a comparison with serological detection. J Clin Pathol. 1976 Feb;29(2):89–93. doi: 10.1136/jcp.29.2.89. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Roos C. M., Feltkamp-Vroom T. M., Helder A. W. The localisation of hepatitis B antigen and immunoglobulin G in liver tissue: an immunofluorescence, light and electron microscopic study. J Pathol. 1976 Jan;118(1):1–8. doi: 10.1002/path.1711180102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Shikata T., Uzawa T., Yoshiwara N., Akatsuka T., Yamazaki S. Staining methods of Australia antigen in paraffin section--detection of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Jpn J Exp Med. 1974 Feb;44(1):25–36. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Sternlieb I. Evolution of the hepatic lesion in Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration). Prog Liver Dis. 1972;4:511–525. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Sternlieb I., Scheinberg I. H. Chronic hepatitis as a first manifestation of Wilson's disease. Ann Intern Med. 1972 Jan;76(1):59–64. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-76-1-59. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Van Waes L., Segers J., Van Egmond J., Van Nimmen L., Barbier F., Wieme R., Demeulenaere L. Chronic liver disease and hepatitis-B antigen: a prospective study. Br Med J. 1974 Aug 17;3(5928):444–446. doi: 10.1136/bmj.3.5928.444. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Pathology are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES