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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Apr 10.
Published in final edited form as: Biometrics. 2015 Aug 31;72(1):106–115. doi: 10.1111/biom.12377

Table 4.

NIH-AARP Diet and Health study: Orange vegetable intake and lung cancer risk in men; estimated hazard ratios1 for orange vegetable (cups / 1000 kcal) intakes.

Measurement Error
Correction Method		 Estimated
Log Hazard
Ratio (s.e.)2 		Estimated
Hazard Ratio
(95% CI)2 		Goodness-of-fit
p-value3
Untransformed Intakes:
  No correction −0.076 (0.021) 0.927 (0.889, 0.966) < 0.001
  Regression calibration −0.265 (0.086) 0.767 (0.648, 0.908) 0.002
Log Transformed Intakes:
Orange Vegetable Intake
  No correction −0.180 (0.030) 0.835 (0.788, 0.886) 0.264
  Regression calibration −0.376 (0.085) 0.687 (0.581, 0.811) 0.052
1

Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for total energy intake, age and smoking status; hazard ratio compares intake of 60 g/1000 kcal to 10 g/1000 kcal.

2

Standard errors and 95% confidence intervals are calculated using the bootstrap method.

3

P-value for testing that the functional form of red meat or energy intake is correctly specified; test based on cumulative martingale residuals.