Table A1.
Odds ratios for skipping breakfast by a one-unit increment in log-transformed leptin level (base 10), stratified by the sum of subcutaneous fat thickness, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III, 1988–1994.
| Sum of Three Skinfold Thicknesses | Sex | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Men | 1.16 (0.28, 4.88) | 5.87 (0.74, 46.41) | 5.52 (0.72, 42.67) | 10.12 (1.21, 84.41) | 9.13 (1.12, 74.56) |
| Women | 1.10 (0.22, 5.66) | 2.16 (0.32, 14.43) | 2.14 (0.34, 13.62) | 2.35 (0.32, 17.34) | 2.40 (0.32, 17.81) | |
| Overall | 1.18 (0.37, 3.81) | 1.34 (0.58, 3.09) | 3.28 (0.79, 13.63) | 3.51 (0.72, 17.05) | 3.45 (0.70, 16.94) | |
| Q2 | Men | 1.15 (0.27, 4.82) | 2.27 (0.35, 14.66) | 1.98 (0.26, 14.98) | 3.03 (0.39, 23.79) | 3.13 (0.41, 24.02) |
| Women | 0.96 (0.29, 3.19) | 1.27 (0.28, 5.78) | 1.04 (0.15, 7.09) | 1.42 (0.22, 9.36) | 1.45 (0.22, 9.61) | |
| Overall | 1.06 (0.52, 2.15) | 1.84 (1.01, 3.37) | 1.60 (0.69, 3.70) | 2.21 (0.97, 5.04) | 2.24 (0.98, 5.12) | |
| Q3 | Men | 1.97 (0.44, 8.78) | 4.91 (1.22, 19.69) | 4.43 (0.98, 20.03) | 4.98 (1.22, 20.33) | 4.86 (1.20, 19.68) |
| Women | 1.68 (0.23, 12.09) | 5.31 (0.44, 63.57) | 7.69 (0.62, 96.15) | 9.65 (0.73, 126.98) | 7.96 (0.60, 104.83) | |
| Overall | 1.88 (0.60, 5.85) | 3.14 (0.94, 10.45) | 4.61 (1.22, 17.34) | 5.90 (1.70, 20.52) | 5.82 (1.66, 20.45) | |
| Q4 | Men | 0.25 (0.05, 1.35) | 0.77 (0.13, 4.39) | 0.54 (0.08, 3.95) | 0.29 (0.04, 1.99) | 0.29 (0.04, 1.91) |
| Women | 0.58 (0.17, 2.07) | 0.88 (0.19, 4.07) | 0.96 (0.20, 4.70) | 0.52 (0.10, 2.61) | 0.48 (0.10, 2.40) | |
| Overall | 0.36 (0.09, 1.36) | 0.85 (0.29, 2.51) | 0.73 (0.17, 3.03) | 0.41 (0.10, 1.66) | 0.40 (0.10, 1.62) | |
| Overall | - | 0.94 (0.53, 1.67) | 2.17 (1.13, 4.19) | 2.00 (1.04, 3.84) | 1.91 (1.01, 3.63) | 1.87 (0.97, 3.63) |
Q1–Q4: quartiles 1 to 4. Model 1 is a basic model including log-transformed leptin, the sex-specific quartiles of S (for sex-specific overall models and the overall model), and sex (the overall model) as independent variables. Model 2 included age, race/ethnicity, and time of venipuncture as independent variables in addition to the variables included in Model 1. Model 3 included physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking, and diabetes in addition to the variables included in Model 2. Model 4 included total caloric intake, percentage caloric intake from carbohydrate and fat per day, caffeine intake, and nighttime eating in addition to the variables included in Model 3. Model 5 included insulin and glucose in addition to the variables included in Model 4. Odds ratios in bold indicate p-value < 0.05.