Skip to main content
NCBI home page
British Heart Journal logoLink to British Heart Journal
. 1982 Jan;47(1):78–83. doi: 10.1136/hrt.47.1.78

Strong family history and cigarette smoking as risk factors of coronary artery disease in young adults.

J H Chesebro, V Fuster, L R Elveback, R L Frye
PMCID: PMC481099  PMID: 7055516

Abstract

This study is based on 435 consecutive patients age 50 or less who had coronary arteriography. There were 335 patients with coronary artery disease and 100 with normal coronary arteries. Risk factors reviewed were "packet-years" of cigarette smoking, family history of coronary disease in first-degree relatives 50 years of age or less, age- and sex-corrected serum cholesterol and triglycerides, hypertension, and diabetes. By univariate analysis, each risk factor except hypertension and diabetes was significantly more frequent in patients with coronary disease than in those without. By multivariate analysis of all risk factors in patients with and without coronary disease, the male or female patient with coronary disease could best be identified by the strong family history, cigarette smoking history, and age- and sex-corrected serum cholesterol. The percentage of patients with coronary disease when the three risk factors were present was 95%, two factors present 88%, one factor present 67%, none of the three 25%, strong family history alone 90%, smoking alone 66%, and serum cholesterol greater than 80th centile alone 52%.

Full text

PDF
78

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Chesebro J. H., Ritman E. L., Frye R. L., Smith H. C., Connolly D. C., Rutherford B. D., Davis G. D., Danielson G. K., Pluth J. R., Barnhorst D. A. Videometric analysis of regional left ventricular function before and after aortocoronary artery bypass surgery: correlation of peak rate of myocardial wall thickening with late postoperative graft flows. J Clin Invest. 1976 Dec;58(6):1339–1347. doi: 10.1172/JCI108589. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Doll R., Peto R. Mortality in relation to smoking: 20 years' observations on male British doctors. Br Med J. 1976 Dec 25;2(6051):1525–1536. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.6051.1525. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Fuster V., Chesebro J. H., Frye R. L., Elveback L. R. Platelet survival and the development of coronary artery disease in the young adult: effects of cigarette smoking, strong family history and medical therapy. Circulation. 1981 Mar;63(3):546–551. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.63.3.546. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Fuster V., Frye R. L., Connolly D. C., Danielson M. A., Elveback L. R., Kurland L. T. Arteriographic patterns early in the onset of the coronary syndromes. Br Heart J. 1975 Dec;37(12):1250–1255. doi: 10.1136/hrt.37.12.1250. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Gensini G. G., Kelly A. E. Incidence and progression of coronary artery disease. An angiographic correlation in 1,263 patients. Arch Intern Med. 1972 May;129(5):814–827. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gotto A. M., Gorry G. A., Thompson J. R., Cole J. S., Trost R., Yeshurun D., DeBakey M. E. Relationship between plasma lipid concentrations and coronary artery disease in 496 patients. Circulation. 1977 Nov;56(5):875–883. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.56.5.875. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hanley J. A., Robinson J. C. Cigarette smoking and the young: a national survey. Can Med Assoc J. 1976 Mar 20;114(6):511–517. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. KEYS A., BLACKBURN H. BACKGROUND OF THE PATIENT WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1963 Jul;6:14–44. doi: 10.1016/s0033-0620(63)80044-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kemp H. G., Jr, Vokonas P. S., Cohn P. F., Gorlin R. The anginal syndrome associated with normal coronary arteriograms. Report of a six year experience. Am J Med. 1973 Jun;54(6):735–742. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(73)90060-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Miettinen M., Turpeinen O., Karvonen M. J., Elosuo R., Paavilainen E. Effect of cholesterol-lowering diet on mortality from coronary heart-disease and other causes. A twelve-year clinical trial in men and women. Lancet. 1972 Oct 21;2(7782):835–838. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(72)92208-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Rissanen A. M. Familial aggregation of coronary heart disease in a high incidence area (North Karelia, Finland). Br Heart J. 1979 Sep;42(3):294–303. doi: 10.1136/hrt.42.3.294. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Rissanen A. M. Familial occurrence of coronary heart disease: effect of age at diagnosis. Am J Cardiol. 1979 Jul;44(1):60–66. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(79)90251-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Rissanen A. M., Nikkilä E. A. Aggregation of coronary risk factors in families of men with fatal and non-fatal coronary heart disease. Br Heart J. 1979 Oct;42(4):373–380. doi: 10.1136/hrt.42.4.373. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Roberts W. C., Ferrans V. J., Levy R. I., Fredrickson D. S. Cardiovascular pathology in hyperlipoproteinemia. Anatomic observations in 42 necropsy patients with normal or abnormal serum lipoprotein patterns. Am J Cardiol. 1973 May;31(5):557–570. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(73)90323-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Slack J., Evans K. A. The increased risk of death from ischaemic heart disease in first degree relatives of 121 men and 96 women with ischaemic heart disease. J Med Genet. 1966 Dec;3(4):239–257. doi: 10.1136/jmg.3.4.239. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Slone D., Shapiro S., Rosenberg L., Kaufman D. W., Hartz S. C., Rossi A. C., Stolley P. D., Miettinen O. S. Relation of cigarette smoking to myocardial infarction in young women. N Engl J Med. 1978 Jun 8;298(23):1273–1276. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197806082982302. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Spain D. M., Bradess V. A. Sudden death from coronary heart disease. Survival time, frequency of thrombi, and cigarette smoking. Chest. 1970 Aug;58(2):107–110. doi: 10.1378/chest.58.2.107. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Welch C. C., Proudfit W. L., Sheldon W. C. Coronary arteriographic findings in 1,000 women under age 50. Am J Cardiol. 1975 Feb;35(2):211–215. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(75)90003-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Wilhelmsen L., Wedel H., Tibblin G. Multivariate analysis of risk factors for coronary heart disease. Circulation. 1973 Nov;48(5):950–958. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.48.5.950. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from British Heart Journal are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES