Skip to main content
NCBI home page
British Heart Journal logoLink to British Heart Journal
. 1979 Dec;42(6):709–714. doi: 10.1136/hrt.42.6.709

Effect of isocapnic hypoxia on systolic time intervals in conscious man.

A S Slutsky, R G Goldstein, A S Rebuck
PMCID: PMC482225  PMID: 534588

Abstract

The effects of progressive isocapnic hypoxia on the systolic time intervals were studied in 10 healthy human subjects. We induced hypoxia by a rebreathing method and monitored the arterial oxygen saturation continuously and non-invasively by means of an ear oximeter. Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) was allowed to fall to a level of 75 per cent and was then held constant for five minutes. As SaO2 fell, heart rate increased linearly, with a mean increase of 0.83 beats/min per one per cent fall in SaO2. The pre-ejection phase index decreased from a mean of 127.2 ms at full oxygen saturation to 120.1 ms at steady-state hypoxia levels, while the ratio of the pre-ejection phase to left ventricular ejection time decreased from a mean of 0.330 to 0.301. The left ventricular ejection time index increased from 417.4 ms to 429.3 ms, while no statistically significant difference was found in the length of electromechanical systole.

Full text

PDF
709

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BRAUNWALD E., SARNOFF S. J., STAINSBY W. N. Determinants of duration and mean rate of ventricular ejection. Circ Res. 1958 May;6(3):319–325. doi: 10.1161/01.res.6.3.319. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BRENTHAL T., GREENE W., Jr, REVZIN A. M. Role of carotid chemoreceptors in hypoxic cardiac acceleration. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1951 Jan;76(1):121–124. doi: 10.3181/00379727-76-18408. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Balasubramanian V., Kaushik V. S., Manchanda S. C., Roy S. B. Effects of high altitude hypoxia on left ventricular systolic time intervals in man. Br Heart J. 1975 Mar;37(3):272–276. doi: 10.1136/hrt.37.3.272. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. DOWNING S. E., REMENSNYDER J. P., MITCHELL J. H. Cardiovascular responses to hypoxic stimulation of the carotid bodies. Circ Res. 1962 Apr;10:676–685. doi: 10.1161/01.res.10.4.676. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Garrard C. L., Jr, Weissler A. M., Dodge H. T. The relationship of alterations in systolic time intervals to ejection fraction in patients with cardiac disease. Circulation. 1970 Sep;42(3):455–462. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.42.3.455. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Greenfield J. C., Jr, Harley A., Thompson H. K., Wallace A. G. Pressure-flow studies in man during atrial fibrillation. J Clin Invest. 1968 Oct;47(10):2411–2421. doi: 10.1172/JCI105924. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Harris W. S., Schoenfeld C. D., Brooks R. H., Weissler A. M. Effect of beta adrenergic blockade on the hemodynamic responses to epinephrine in man. Am J Cardiol. 1966 Apr;17(4):484–492. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(66)90238-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Harris W. S., Schoenfeld C. D., Weissler A. M. Effects of adrenergic receptor activation and blockade on the systolic preejection period, heart rate, and arterial pressure in man. J Clin Invest. 1967 Nov;46(11):1704–1714. doi: 10.1172/JCI105661. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. KORNER P. I. Circulatory adaptations in hypoxia. Physiol Rev. 1959 Oct;39:687–730. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1959.39.4.687. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. KORNER P. I., EDWARDS A. W. The immediate effects of acute hypoxia on the heart rate, arterial pressure, cardiac output and ventilation of the unanaesthetized rabbit. Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci. 1960 Apr;45:113–122. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.1960.sp001449. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kowalsky N. B., Anthony J. R. Cardiac electro-mechanical time intervals as indices of hypoxic circulatory stress in man. Aerosp Med. 1972 Apr;43(4):361–367. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lewis R. P., Boudoulas H., Forester W. F., Weissler A. M. Shortening of electromechanical systole as a manifestation of excessive adrenergic stimulation in acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1972 Nov;46(5):856–862. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.46.5.856. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lewis R. P., Boudoulas H., Welch T. G., Forester W. F. Usefulness of systolic time intervals in coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1976 Apr;37(5):787–796. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(76)90376-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Lewis R. P., Rittogers S. E., Froester W. F., Boudoulas H. A critical review of the systolic time intervals. Circulation. 1977 Aug;56(2):146–158. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.56.2.146. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. RAAB W., DE PAULA E SILVA P., STARCHESKA Y. K. Adrenergic and cholinergic influences on the dynamic cycle of the normal human heart. Cardiologia. 1958;33(5):350–364. doi: 10.1159/000166357. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Rasmussen J. P., Bech-Jansen P. Influence of transient hypoxia and reoxygenation on the pre-ejection period of the heart. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1974;18(1):5–11. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1974.tb00693.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Rasmussen J. P., Bech-Jansen P., Kann T. Changes in systolic time intervals during stepwise increasing hypoxia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1975;19(1):1–7. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1975.tb05216.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Rebuck A. S., Woodley W. E. Ventilatory effects of hypoxia and their dependence on PCO2. J Appl Physiol. 1975 Jan;38(1):16–19. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1975.38.1.16. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Richardson D. W., Kontos H. A., Raper A. J., Patterson J. L., Jr Modification by beta-adrenergic blockade of the circulatory respones to acute hypoxia in man. J Clin Invest. 1967 Jan;46(1):77–85. doi: 10.1172/JCI105513. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Richardson D. W., Kontos H. A., Raper A. J., Patterson J. L., Jr Systemic circulatory responses to hypocapnia in man. Am J Physiol. 1972 Dec;223(6):1308–1312. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1972.223.6.1308. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Salzman S. H., Wolfson S., Jackson B., Schechter E. Epinephrine infusion in man. Standardization, normal response, and abnormal response in idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. Circulation. 1971 Jan;43(1):137–144. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.43.1.137. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Saunders N. A., Powles A. C., Rebuck A. S. Ear oximetry: accuracy and practicability in the assessment of arterial oxygenation. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1976 Jun;113(6):745–749. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1976.113.6.745. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Sawayama T., Ochiai M., Marumoto S., Matsuura T., Niki I. Influence of amyl nitrite inhalation on the systolic time intervals in normal subjects and in patients with ischemic heart disease. Circulation. 1969 Sep;40(3):327–335. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.40.3.327. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Shaver J. A., Kroetz F. W., Leonard J. J., Paley H. W. The effect of steady-state increases in systemic arterial pressure on the duration of left ventricular ejection time. J Clin Invest. 1968 Jan;47(1):217–230. doi: 10.1172/JCI105711. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Slutsky A. S., Rebuck A. S. Heart rate response to isocapnic hypoxia in conscious man. Am J Physiol. 1978 Feb;234(2):H129–H132. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1978.234.2.H129. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. WEISSLER A. M., PEELER R. G., ROEHLL W. H., Jr Relationships between left ventricular ejection time, stroke volume, and heart rate in normal individuals and patients with cardiovascular disease. Am Heart J. 1961 Sep;62:367–378. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(61)90403-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Weissler A. M. Current concepts in cardiology. Systolic-time intervals. N Engl J Med. 1977 Feb 10;296(6):321–324. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197702102960607. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Weissler A. M., Harris W. S., Schoenfeld C. D. Bedside technics for the evaluation of ventricular function in man. Am J Cardiol. 1969 Apr;23(4):577–583. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(69)90012-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Weissler A. M., Harris W. S., Schoenfeld C. D. Systolic time intervals in heart failure in man. Circulation. 1968 Feb;37(2):149–159. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.37.2.149. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. de Burgh Daly M. Interaction of cardiovascular reflexes. Sci Basis Med Annu Rev. 1972:307–332. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from British Heart Journal are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES