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. 2016 Jan 16;45(4):490–500. doi: 10.1007/s13280-015-0760-7

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Conceptual framework showing three identified coexistence strands based on qualitative content and discourse analysis of 71 interviews. A coexistence strand shows how ongoing interactions between elements of the ecological system and the social system shape people’s perception on human–bear coexistence. Each coexistence strand provides a lens of analysis that can be used to identify threats and opportunities for peaceful human–carnivore coexistence