Erratum
After publication of the original article [1], the authors noticed that the article contained some errors in the data presented within Table 1, Figs. 1 and 2, and Tables 2 and 3.
Table 1.
Sociodemographic distribution of all survey participants, the total Korean population, and of cases identified as migraine, anxiety and depression
| Survey participants N (%) | Total population N (%) | P | Migraine N, % (95 % CI) | Anxiety N, % (95 % CI) | Depression N, % (95 % CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | 1345 (49.3) | 17,584,365 (50.6) | 0.854a | 36, 2.7 (1.8–3.5) | 109, 8.1 (6.6–9.6) | 43, 3.2 (2.3–4.2) |
| Women | 1350 (50.7) | 17,198,350 (49.4) | 107, 7.9 (6.5–9.4) | 159, 11.8 (10.1–13.5) | 73, 5.4 (4.2–6.6) | |
| Age | ||||||
| 19–29 | 542 (20.5) | 7,717,947 (22.2) | 0.917a | 25, 4.5 (2.7–6.2) | 53, 9.6 (7.2–12.1) | 23, 4.1 (2.5–5.8) |
| 30–39 | 604 (21.9) | 8,349,487 (24.0) | 42, 7.0 (4.9–9.1) | 51, 8.7 (6.4–11.0) | 32, 5.4 (4.6–7.3) | |
| 40–49 | 611 (23.1) | 8,613,110 (24.8) | 39, 6.5 (4.5–8.4) | 67, 11.0 (8.5–13.5) | 24, 4.0 (2.5–5.5) | |
| 50–59 | 529 (18.9) | 6,167,505 (17.7) | 22, 4.1 (2.4–5.9) | 53, 9.9 (7.3–12.5) | 22, 4.2 (2.5–6.0) | |
| 60–69 | 409 (15.6) | 3,934,666 (11.3) | 15, 3.9 (2.0–5.7) | 14, 10.8 (7.8–13.8) | 15, 3.7 (2.0–5.5) | |
| Size of residential area | ||||||
| Large city | 1248 (46.3) | 16,776,771 (48.2) | 0.921a | 76, 6.1 (4.8–7.5) | 130, 10.4 (8.7–12.1) | 57, 4.6 (3.4–5.7) |
| Medium–to–small city | 1186 (44.0) | 15,164,345 (43.6) | 48, 4.0 (2.9–5.2) | 112, 9.5 (7.8–11.2) | 47, 4.0 (2.9–5.1) | |
| Rural area | 261 (9.7) | 2,841,599 (8.2) | 19, 7.4 (4.2–10.6) | 26, 10.0 (6.3–13.6) | 12, 4.7 (2.1–7.3) | |
| Education level | ||||||
| Middle school or less | 393 (14.9) | 6,608,716 (19.0) | 0.752a | 22, 5.5 (4.2–7.7) | 55, 13.9 (10.5–17.4) | 20, 5.2 (3.0–7.4) |
| High school | 1208 (44.5) | 15,234,829 (43.8) | 60, 5.0 (3.8–6.3) | 111, 9.2 (7.5–10.8) | 49, 4.1 (3.0–5.2) | |
| College or more | 1068 (39.6) | 12,939,170 (37.2) | 60, 5.6 (4.3–7.0) | 100, 9.5 (7.7–11.2) | 47, 4.4 (3.2–5.7) | |
| Not responded | 26 (9.6) | 1, 3.8 (0.0–11.8) | 2, 8.0 (0.0–18.0) | 0, 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | ||
| Total | 2695 (100.0) | 34,782,715 (100.0) | 143, 5.3 (4.5–6.2) | 268, 10.0 (8.8–11.1) | 116, 4.3 (3.6–5.1) | |
aCompared gender, age group, size of residential area, and educational level distributions between the sample of the present study and total population of Korea
Fig. 1.
Flow chart depicting the participation of subjects in the Korean Headache-Sleep Study
Fig. 2.
Venn diagram for distribution of subjects with anxiety, depression and migraine
Table 2.
Demographics, headache characteristics and associated symptoms of migraineurs according to anxiety and depression
| Migraine subjects without anxiety or depression, N = 92 | Migraine subjects with anxiety alone, N = 27 | Migraine subjects with depression alone, N = 8 | Migraine with anxiety and depression, N = 16 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Mean age ± SD (years) | 40.4 ± 11.4 | 47.2 ± 14.5 | 42.1 ± 15.7 | 44.5 ± 18.4 | 0.131 |
| Women, N (%) | 71 (75.5) | 21 (77.8) | 7 (77.8) | 13 (76.5) | 0.995 |
| Headache characteristics | |||||
| Unilateral pain, N (%) | 57 (60.6) | 15 (53.6) | 4 (44.4) | 7 (41.2) | 0.409 |
| Pulsating quality, N (%) | 72 (76.6) | 21 (77.8) | 7 (77.8) | 12 (70.6) | 0.950 |
| Moderate-to-severe severity, N (%) | 72 (75.8) | 22 (81.5) | 8 (88.9) | 17 (100.0) | 0.119 |
| Aggravation by movement, N (%) | 60 (63.8) | 21 (77.8) | 5 (55.6) | 15 (88.2) | 0.121 |
| Associated symptoms | |||||
| Nausea, N (%) | 84 (88.4) | 23 (82.1) | 9 (100.0) | 15 (88.2) | 0.544 |
| Vomiting, N (%) | 33 (34.7) | 15 (53.6) | 3 (33.3) | 8 (47.1) | 0.288 |
| Photophobia, N (%) | 55 (57.9) | 19 (70.4) | 1 (11.1) | 11 (64.7) | 0.017 |
| Phonophobia, N (%) | 63 (67.0) | 21 (77.8) | 6 (66.7) | 13 (76.5) | 0.668 |
| Osmophobia, N (%) | 42 (44.7) | 13 (48.1) | 4 (44.4) | 9 (46.3) | 0.930 |
Table 3.
Frequency, severity and impact of headache according to migraineurs’ anxiety and depression status
| Migraine subjects without anxiety or depression, N = 92 | Migraine subjects with anxiety alone, N = 27 | Migraine subjects with depression alone, N = 8 | Migraine subjects with anxiety and depression, N = 16 | P-value* | Post hoc analysis with Bonferroni’s correction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (25 %–75 %) | Median (25 %–75 %) | Median (25 %–75 %) | Median (25 %–75 %) | |||
| Frequency per month | 1.0 (0.3–3.0) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 1.0 (0.3–4.0) | 8.0 (2.5–21.0) | <0.001 | 1 vs. 2 = 0.596 |
| 1 vs.3 = 1.000 | ||||||
| 1 vs. 4 < 0.001 | ||||||
| 2 vs.3 = 1.000 | ||||||
| 2 vs. 4 = 0.003 | ||||||
| 3 vs. 4 = 0.001 | ||||||
| VAS score for pain intensity | 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 7.0 (6.0–8.0) | 7.0 (6.0–8.0) | 7.0 (5.0–9.0) | <0.001 | 1 vs. 2 = 0.011 |
| 1 vs.3 = 0.824 | ||||||
| 1 vs. 4 = 0.018 | ||||||
| 2 vs.3 = 1.000 | ||||||
| 2 vs. 4 = 1.000 | ||||||
| 3 vs. 4 = 1.000 | ||||||
| HIT–6 score | 50.0 (46.0–58.0) | 57.0 (49.0–60.8) | 62.0 (52.0–70.5) | 64.0 (61.0–67.0) | <0.001 | 1 vs. 2 = 0.074 |
| 1 vs.3 = 0.004 | ||||||
| 1 vs. 4 < 0.001 | ||||||
| 2 vs.3 = 0.545 | ||||||
| 2 vs. 4 = 0.005 | ||||||
| 3 vs. 4 = 1.000 |
HIT–6: Headache Impact Test–6; VAS: Visual Analogue Scale
*Kruskal–Wallis one–way analysis of variance test among the four groups: migraine subjects without anxiety or depression, migraine subjects with anxiety alone, migraine subjects with depression alone and migraine subjects with anxiety and depression
1: migraine subjects without anxiety or depression; 2: migraine subjects with anxiety alone; 3: migraine subjects with depression alone; 4: migraine with anxiety and depression
The corrected versions are given in this erratum. The main findings of the original article are not affected after this correction. The authors apologise for any inconvenience this has caused.
Footnotes
The online version of the original article can be found under doi:10.1186/s12883-014-0238-4.
Reference
- 1.Oh K, Cho S-J, Chung YK, Kim JM, Chu MK. Combination of anxiety and depression is associated with an increased headache frequency in migraineurs: a population-based study. BMC Neurol. 2014;14:238. doi: 10.1186/s12883-014-0238-4. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]