Table 8.
Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of MetS according to dietary patterns 1 for men and women.
| Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome | Men | Women | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| “Balanced” Dietary Pattern | “Fruit and Dairy” Dietary Pattern | “Traditional” Dietary Pattern | “Animal and Fried Food” Dietary Pattern | p | “Balanced” Dietary Pattern | “Vegetable and Fruit” Dietary Pattern | “High-Salt and Energy” Dietary Pattern | “Animal and Fried Food” Dietary Pattern | p | |
| Case, n (%) | 350 (36.61) | 258 (38.80) | 277 (35.15) | 218 (42.00) | 23 (16.67) | 35 (20.11) | 64 (35.56) | 7 (22.58) | ||
| Crude OR | 1.0 | 1.10 (0.90, 1.35) p = 0.371 |
0.94 (0.77, 1.14) p = 0.528 |
1.25 (1.00, 1.56) p = 0.042 |
0.069 | 1.0 | 1.26 (0.70, 2.25) p = 0.437 |
2.76 (1.61, 4.74) p = 0.0002 |
1.46 (0.56, 3.78) p = 0.438 |
0.0005 |
| Age adjusted | 1.0 | 1.17 (0.95, 1.44) p = 0.141 |
0.85 (0.69, 1.03) p = 0.099 |
1.26 (1.01, 1.57) p = 0.042 |
0.003 | 1.0 | 1.31 (0.72, 2.38) p = 0.380 |
2.29 (1.31, 4.02) p = 0.004 |
1.49 (0.56, 3.99) p = 0.428 |
0.019 |
| Multivariable adjusted 2 | 1.0 | 1.28 (1.03, 1.59) p = 0.028 |
0.98 (0.80, 1.22) p = 0.882 |
1.27 (1.01, 1.60) p = 0.043 |
0.029 | 1.0 | 1.45 (0.77, 2.73) p = 0.250 |
2.27 (1.24, 4.14) p = 0.008 |
1.18 (0.40, 3.52) p = 0.763 |
0.047 |
Numbers in bold indicate significant associations based on a p value cutoff of 0.05. 1 OR and 95% confidence intervals are estimated by using the “balanced” dietary pattern as a reference group. 2 Adjusted for age (≥35, 35–45, ≥45), grade (inactive, minimally active, health-enhancing physical activity), alcohol consumption (yes/no), marital status (single, married, divorced, widowed), family history (yes/no), educational level (bachelor degree or above, junior college and senior high school, junior high school or below), work type (heavy physical and light physical, mental labor) and BMI (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity).