Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1992 Apr 1;89(7):2536–2540. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.7.2536

A lattice model for protein structure prediction at low resolution.

D A Hinds 1, M Levitt 1
PMCID: PMC48696  PMID: 1557356

Abstract

The prediction of the folded structure of a protein from its sequence has proven to be a very difficult computational problem. We have developed an exceptionally simple representation of a polypeptide chain, with which we can enumerate all possible backbone conformations of small proteins. A protein is represented by a self-avoiding path of connected vertices on a tetrahedral lattice, with several amino acid residues assigned to each lattice vertex. For five small structurally dissimilar proteins, we find that we can separate native-like structures from the vast majority of non-native folds by using only simple structural and energetic criteria. This method demonstrates significant generality and predictive power without requiring foreknowledge of any native structural details.

Full text

PDF
2536

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ANFINSEN C. B., HABER E., SELA M., WHITE F. H., Jr The kinetics of formation of native ribonuclease during oxidation of the reduced polypeptide chain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1961 Sep 15;47:1309–1314. doi: 10.1073/pnas.47.9.1309. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Anfinsen C. B. Principles that govern the folding of protein chains. Science. 1973 Jul 20;181(4096):223–230. doi: 10.1126/science.181.4096.223. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Baldwin R. L. Intermediates in protein folding reactions and the mechanism of protein folding. Annu Rev Biochem. 1975;44:453–475. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.44.070175.002321. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bernstein F. C., Koetzle T. F., Williams G. J., Meyer E. F., Jr, Brice M. D., Rodgers J. R., Kennard O., Shimanouchi T., Tasumi M. The Protein Data Bank: a computer-based archival file for macromolecular structures. J Mol Biol. 1977 May 25;112(3):535–542. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(77)80200-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Brown J. R., Hartley B. S. Location of disulphide bridges by diagonal paper electrophoresis. The disulphide bridges of bovine chymotrypsinogen A. Biochem J. 1966 Oct;101(1):214–228. doi: 10.1042/bj1010214. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Carlsson S. R., Fukuda M. Structure of human lysosomal membrane glycoprotein 1. Assignment of disulfide bonds and visualization of its domain arrangement. J Biol Chem. 1989 Dec 5;264(34):20526–20531. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Chothia C., Janin J. Principles of protein-protein recognition. Nature. 1975 Aug 28;256(5520):705–708. doi: 10.1038/256705a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Chothia C. Structural invariants in protein folding. Nature. 1975 Mar 27;254(5498):304–308. doi: 10.1038/254304a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Cohen F. E., Sternberg M. J. On the prediction of protein structure: The significance of the root-mean-square deviation. J Mol Biol. 1980 Apr;138(2):321–333. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(80)90289-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Covell D. G., Jernigan R. L. Conformations of folded proteins in restricted spaces. Biochemistry. 1990 Apr 3;29(13):3287–3294. doi: 10.1021/bi00465a020. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Dolgikh D. A., Gilmanshin R. I., Brazhnikov E. V., Bychkova V. E., Semisotnov G. V., Venyaminov SYu, Ptitsyn O. B. Alpha-Lactalbumin: compact state with fluctuating tertiary structure? FEBS Lett. 1981 Dec 28;136(2):311–315. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(81)80642-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Go N. Theoretical studies of protein folding. Annu Rev Biophys Bioeng. 1983;12:183–210. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bb.12.060183.001151. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kuntz I. D., Crippen G. M., Kollman P. A., Kimelman D. Calculation of protein tertiary structure. J Mol Biol. 1976 Oct 5;106(4):983–994. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(76)90347-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kuwajima K. The molten globule state as a clue for understanding the folding and cooperativity of globular-protein structure. Proteins. 1989;6(2):87–103. doi: 10.1002/prot.340060202. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Levitt M. A simplified representation of protein conformations for rapid simulation of protein folding. J Mol Biol. 1976 Jun 14;104(1):59–107. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(76)90004-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Levitt M., Chothia C. Structural patterns in globular proteins. Nature. 1976 Jun 17;261(5561):552–558. doi: 10.1038/261552a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Levitt M., Sharon R. Accurate simulation of protein dynamics in solution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(20):7557–7561. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.20.7557. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Levitt M., Warshel A. Computer simulation of protein folding. Nature. 1975 Feb 27;253(5494):694–698. doi: 10.1038/253694a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Li Z., Scheraga H. A. Monte Carlo-minimization approach to the multiple-minima problem in protein folding. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(19):6611–6615. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.19.6611. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Ohgushi M., Wada A. 'Molten-globule state': a compact form of globular proteins with mobile side-chains. FEBS Lett. 1983 Nov 28;164(1):21–24. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(83)80010-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Roder H., Elöve G. A., Englander S. W. Structural characterization of folding intermediates in cytochrome c by H-exchange labelling and proton NMR. Nature. 1988 Oct 20;335(6192):700–704. doi: 10.1038/335700a0. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Scheraga H. A., Paine G. H. Conformational energy calculations on polypeptides and proteins: use of a statistical mechanical procedure for evaluating structure and properties. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1986;482:60–68. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb20937.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Skolnick J., Kolinski A. Simulations of the folding of a globular protein. Science. 1990 Nov 23;250(4984):1121–1125. doi: 10.1126/science.250.4984.1121. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Udgaonkar J. B., Baldwin R. L. NMR evidence for an early framework intermediate on the folding pathway of ribonuclease A. Nature. 1988 Oct 20;335(6192):694–699. doi: 10.1038/335694a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Wetlaufer D. B. Nucleation, rapid folding, and globular intrachain regions in proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1973 Mar;70(3):697–701. doi: 10.1073/pnas.70.3.697. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Wilson C., Doniach S. A computer model to dynamically simulate protein folding: studies with crambin. Proteins. 1989;6(2):193–209. doi: 10.1002/prot.340060208. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES