The content is available as a PDF (69.7 KB).
References
- Baulcombe D. RNA silencing. Curr Biol. 2002;12:R82–R84. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00665-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bergelson J.M., Cunningham J.A., Droguett G., Kurt-Jones E.A., Krithivas A., Hong J.S., Horwitz M.S., Crowell R.L., Finberg R.W. Isolation of a common receptor for Coxsackie B viruses and adenoviruses 2 and 5. Science. 1997;275:1320–1323. doi: 10.1126/science.275.5304.1320. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cetta F., Michels V.V. The autoimmune basis of dilated cardiomyopathy. Ann Med. 1995;27:169–173. doi: 10.3109/07853899509031954. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Elbashir S.M., Harborth J., Lendeckel W., Yalcin A., Weber K., Tuschl T. Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells. Nature. 2001;411:494–498. doi: 10.1038/35078107. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dorsett Y., Tuschl T. siRNAs: applications in functional genomics and potential as therapeutics. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2004;3:318–329. doi: 10.1038/nrd1345. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fields B.N., Knipe D.M., Howley P.M., Griffin D.E. Fields virology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001. [Google Scholar]
- Fire A., Xu S., Montgomery M.K., Kostas S.A., Driver S.E., Mello C.C. Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature. 1998;391:806–811. doi: 10.1038/35888. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Grist N.R., Reid D. Epidemiology of viral infections of the heart. In: Banatvala J. E., editor. Viral infections of the heart. London, England: Edward Arnold; 1993. pp. 23–31. [Google Scholar]
- Henke A., Jarasch N., Wutzler P. Vaccination procedures against Coxsackievirus-induced heart disease. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2003;2:805–815. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2.6.805. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kandolf R. Molecular biology of viral heart disease. Herz. 1993;18:238–244. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klump W.M., Bergmann I., Müller B.C., Ameis D., Kandolf R. Complete nucleotide sequence of infectious Coxsackievirus B3 cDNA: two initial 5′ uridine residues are regained during plus-strand RNA synthesis. J Virol. 1990;64:1573–1583. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.4.1573-1583.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Liu Z., Carthy C.M., Cheung P., Bohunek L., Wilson J.E., McManus B.M., Yang D. Structural and functional analysis of the 5′ untranslated region of coxsackievirus B3 RNA: In vivo translational and infectivity studies of full-length mutants. Virology. 1999;265:206–217. doi: 10.1006/viro.1999.0048. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Martino T.A., Liu P., Sole M.J. Viral infection and the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy. Circ Res. 1994;74:182–188. doi: 10.1161/01.RES.74.2.182. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Merl S., Michaelis C., Jaschke B., Vorpahl M., Seidl S., Wessely R. Targeting 2A protease by RNA interference attenuates coxsackieviral cytopathogenicity and promotes survival in highly susceptible mice. Circulation. 2005;111:1583–1592. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000160360.02040.AB. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Racchi G., Klingel K., Kandolf R., Grassi G. Targeting of protease 2A genome by single and multiple siRNAs as a strategy to impair CVB3 life cycle in permissive HeLa cells. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2009;31:63–70. doi: 10.1358/mf.2009.31.2.1354129. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reyes M.P., Lerner A.M. Coxsackievirus myocarditis-with special reference to acute and chronic effects. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1985;27:373–394. doi: 10.1016/0033-0620(85)90001-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rose N.R., Herskowitz A., Neumann D.A. Autoimmunity in myocarditis: models and mechanisms. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1993;68:95–99. doi: 10.1006/clin.1993.1102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vaucheret H., Béclin C., Fagard M. Post-transcriptional gene silencing in plants. J Cell Sci. 2001;114:3083–3091. doi: 10.1242/jcs.114.17.3083. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Woodruff J.F. Viral myocarditis. A review. Am J Pathol. 1980;101:425–484. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yang D., Wilson J.E., Anderson D.R., Bohunek L., Cordeiro C., Kandolf R., McManus B.M. In vitro mutational and inhibitory analysis of the cis-acting translational elements within the 5′ untranslated region of coxsackievirus B3: potential targets for antiviral action of antisense oligomers. Virology. 1997;228:63–73. doi: 10.1006/viro.1996.8366. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ye X., Liu Z., Hemida M.G., Yang D. Targeted delivery of mutant tolerant anti-coxsackievirus artificial microRNAs using folate conjugated bacteriophage Phi29 pRNA. PLoS One. 2011;6:e21215. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021215. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yuan J., Cheung P.K., Zhang H.M., Chau D., Yang D. Inhibition of coxsackievirus B3 replication by small interfering RNAs requires perfect sequence match in the central region of the viral positive strand. J Virol. 2005;79:2151–2159. doi: 10.1128/JVI.79.4.2151-2159.2005. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zhang H.M., Su Y., Guo S., Yuan J., Lim T., Liu J., Guo P., Yang D. Targeted delivery of anti-coxsackievirus siRNAs using ligand-conjugated packaging RNAs. Antiviral Res. 2009;83:307–316. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.07.005. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
