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. 2011 May 28;2(5):351–357. doi: 10.1007/s13238-011-1045-y

Retinoic acid inducible gene-I, more than a virus sensor

Feng Liu 1, Jun Gu 1,✉
PMCID: PMC4875335  PMID: 21626268

Abstract

Retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) containing protein that acts as an intracellular RNA receptor and senses virus infection. After binding to double stranded RNA (dsRNA) or 5′-triphosphate single stranded RNA (ssRNA), RIG-I transforms into an open conformation, translocates onto mitochondria, and interacts with the downstream adaptor mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) to induce the production of type I interferon and inflammatory factors via IRF3/7 and NF-κB pathways, respectively. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that RIG-I could function in non-viral systems and participate in a series of biological events, such as inflammation and inflammation related diseases, cell proliferation, apoptosis and even senescence. Here we review recent advances in antiviral study of RIG-I as well as the functions of RIG-I in other fields.

Keywords: retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I), antiviral signaling, inflammation, innate immunity

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