Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry logoLink to Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
. 1991 Jun;54(6):481–483. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.54.6.481

Diffuse axonal injury in non-missile head injury.

J H Adams, D I Graham, T A Gennarelli, W L Maxwell
PMCID: PMC488581  PMID: 1880506

Full text

PDF
481

Images in this article

483Image
on p.483

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adams H., Mitchell D. E., Graham D. I., Doyle D. Diffuse brain damage of immediate impact type. Its relationship to 'primary brain-stem damage' in head injury. Brain. 1977 Sep;100(3):489–502. doi: 10.1093/brain/100.3.489. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Adams J. H., Doyle D., Ford I., Gennarelli T. A., Graham D. I., McLellan D. R. Diffuse axonal injury in head injury: definition, diagnosis and grading. Histopathology. 1989 Jul;15(1):49–59. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.1989.tb03040.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Adams J. H., Doyle D., Graham D. I., Lawrence A. E., McLellan D. R. Deep intracerebral (basal ganglia) haematomas in fatal non-missile head injury in man. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1986 Sep;49(9):1039–1043. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.49.9.1039. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Adams J. H., Doyle D., Graham D. I., Lawrence A. E., McLellan D. R. Diffuse axonal injury in head injuries caused by a fall. Lancet. 1984 Dec 22;2(8417-8418):1420–1422. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(84)91620-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Adams J. H., Doyle D., Graham D. I., Lawrence A. E., McLellan D. R. Gliding contusions in nonmissile head injury in humans. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1986 Jun;110(6):485–488. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Adams J. H., Doyle D., Graham D. I., Lawrence A. E., McLellan D. R. Microscopic diffuse axonal injury in cases of head injury. Med Sci Law. 1985 Oct;25(4):265–269. doi: 10.1177/002580248502500407. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Adams J. H., Graham D. I., Murray L. S., Scott G. Diffuse axonal injury due to nonmissile head injury in humans: an analysis of 45 cases. Ann Neurol. 1982 Dec;12(6):557–563. doi: 10.1002/ana.410120610. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Blumbergs P. C., Jones N. R., North J. B. Diffuse axonal injury in head trauma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1989 Jul;52(7):838–841. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.52.7.838. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Erb D. E., Povlishock J. T. Axonal damage in severe traumatic brain injury: an experimental study in cat. Acta Neuropathol. 1988;76(4):347–358. doi: 10.1007/BF00686971. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gennarelli T. A., Spielman G. M., Langfitt T. W., Gildenberg P. L., Harrington T., Jane J. A., Marshall L. F., Miller J. D., Pitts L. H. Influence of the type of intracranial lesion on outcome from severe head injury. J Neurosurg. 1982 Jan;56(1):26–32. doi: 10.3171/jns.1982.56.1.0026. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gennarelli T. A., Thibault L. E., Adams J. H., Graham D. I., Thompson C. J., Marcincin R. P. Diffuse axonal injury and traumatic coma in the primate. Ann Neurol. 1982 Dec;12(6):564–574. doi: 10.1002/ana.410120611. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gentry L. R., Godersky J. C., Thompson B. H. Traumatic brain stem injury: MR imaging. Radiology. 1989 Apr;171(1):177–187. doi: 10.1148/radiology.171.1.2928523. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Jellinger K. 14. Pathology and pathogenesis of apallic syndromes following closed head injuries. Monogr Gesamtgeb Psychiatr Psychiatry Ser. 1977;14:88–103. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-81151-7_15. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Jennett B., Plum F. Persistent vegetative state after brain damage. A syndrome in search of a name. Lancet. 1972 Apr 1;1(7753):734–737. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(72)90242-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kelly A. B., Zimmerman R. D., Snow R. B., Gandy S. E., Heier L. A., Deck M. D. Head trauma: comparison of MR and CT--experience in 100 patients. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1988 Jul-Aug;9(4):699–708. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kosik K. S., Rogers J., Kowall N. W. Senile plaques are located between apical dendritic clusters. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1987 Jan;46(1):1–11. doi: 10.1097/00005072-198701000-00001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Maxwell W. L., Irvine A., Graham, Adams J. H., Gennarelli T. A., Tipperman R., Sturatis M. Focal axonal injury: the early axonal response to stretch. J Neurocytol. 1991 Mar;20(3):157–164. doi: 10.1007/BF01186989. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Maxwell W. L., Kansagra A. M., Graham D. I., Adams J. H., Gennarelli T. A. Freeze-fracture studies of reactive myelinated nerve fibres after diffuse axonal injury. Acta Neuropathol. 1988;76(4):395–406. doi: 10.1007/BF00686977. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Nevin N. C. Neuropathological changes in the white matter following head injury. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1967 Jan;26(1):77–84. doi: 10.1097/00005072-196701000-00006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Peerless S. J., Rewcastle N. B. Shear injuries of the brain. Can Med Assoc J. 1967 Mar 11;96(10):577–582. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. STRICH S. J. Diffuse degeneration of the cerebral white matter in severe dementia following head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1956 Aug;19(3):163–185. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.19.3.163. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Sahuquillo-Barris J., Lamarca-Ciuro J., Vilalta-Castan J., Rubio-Garcia E., Rodriguez-Pazos M. Acute subdural hematoma and diffuse axonal injury after severe head trauma. J Neurosurg. 1988 Jun;68(6):894–900. doi: 10.3171/jns.1988.68.6.0894. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Vanezis P., Chan K. K., Scholtz C. L. White matter damage following acute head injury. Forensic Sci Int. 1987 Sep;35(1):1–10. doi: 10.1016/0379-0738(87)90018-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Zalewska T., Kanje M., Edström A. A calcium-activated neutral protease in the frog nervous system which degrades rapidly transported axonal proteins. Brain Res. 1986 Aug 27;381(1):58–62. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(86)90689-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Zimmerman R. A., Bilaniuk L. T., Genneralli T. Computed tomography of shearing injuries of the cerebral white matter. Radiology. 1978 May;127(2):393–396. doi: 10.1148/127.2.393. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES