TABLE 4.
Adjusted Odds of DKA With Preceding Outpatient Care
| Outpatient Care | Without DKA (4385) | With DKA (878) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | aORa (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | |||
| Acute care | ||||||
| ED visit within previous 14 db | 48 | 1.1 | 49 | 5.6 | 5.34 (3.56–8.01) | 3.99 (2.60–6.13) |
| Non-DKA ED visit within previous 14 db,c | 48 | 1.1 | 42 | 4.8 | 4.19 (2.73–6.46) | 3.36 (2.15–5.27) |
| Nonpreventive visit within previous 14 db | 246 | 5.6 | 72 | 8.2 | 1.51 (1.15–1.98) | 1.35 (1.01–1.79) |
| Maintenance care | ||||||
| Endocrinology visit within previous 120 d | 2429 | 55.4 | 425 | 48.4 | 0.76 (0.65–0.87) | 0.76 (0.65–0.89) |
| Preventive visit within previous 120 d | 1351 | 30.8 | 332 | 37.8 | 1.36 (1.17–1.59) | 1.16 (0.98–1.37) |
| Insulin claim within previous 90 d | 3745 | 85.4 | 734 | 83.6 | 0.87 (0.72–1.06) | 0.93 (0.75–1.15) |
n and % indicate the number and percentage, respectively, of patients in each group who experienced the event.
a
Adjusted by multivariate logistic regression for age >12 y, female gender, black race/ethnicity, MediCal managed care, and mental health comorbidity.
b
Visits within 1 day of index date were excluded to avoid capturing encounters that led directly to hospitalization.
c
ED visits with DKA diagnostic codes (ICD-9 250.10–250.13) were excluded.