Abstract
Owing to all the difficulties involved in selecting patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus for shunt-operation, a cerebrospinal fluid-tap-test (CSF-TT) is introduced. Psychometric and motor capacities of the patients are measured before and after lumbar puncture and removal of 40-50 ml CSF. Patients fulfilling criteria for normal pressure hydrocephalus were compared to patients with dementia and atrophy shown by computed tomography. Normal pressure hydrocephalus patients showed temporary improvement after lumbar puncture. The extent of the temporary improvement appeared to be well correlated with the improvement after shunt operation. Accordingly, the CSF-TT seems to be of value when selecting those patients who will probably benefit from a shunt operation.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- ADAMS R. D., FISHER C. M., HAKIM S., OJEMANN R. G., SWEET W. H. SYMPTOMATIC OCCULT HYDROCEPHALUS WITH "NORMAL" CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID PRESSURE.A TREATABLE SYNDROME. N Engl J Med. 1965 Jul 15;273:117–126. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196507152730301. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Benson D. F., LeMay M., Patten D. H., Rubens A. B. Diagnosis of normal-pressure hydrocephalus. N Engl J Med. 1970 Sep 17;283(12):609–615. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197009172831201. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ekstedt J. CSF hydrodynamic studies in man. 1. Method of constant pressure CSF infusion. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1977 Feb;40(2):105–119. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.40.2.105. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gado M. H., Coleman R. E., Lee K. S., Mikhael M. A., Alderson P. O., Archer C. R. Correlation between computerized transaxial tomography and radionuclide cisternography in dementia. Neurology. 1976 Jun;26(6 Pt 1):555–560. doi: 10.1212/wnl.26.6.555. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Greenberg J. O., Shenkin H. A., Adam R. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus-- a report of 73 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1977 Apr;40(4):336–341. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.40.4.336. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Greitz T. V., Grepe A. O., Kalmér M. S., Lopez J. Pre- and postoperative evaluation of cerebral blood flow in low-pressure hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg. 1969 Dec;31(6):644–651. doi: 10.3171/jns.1969.31.6.0644. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Greitz T. Effect of brain distension on cerebral circulation. Lancet. 1969 Apr 26;1(7600):863–865. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)91903-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Grubb R. L., Jr, Raichle M. E., Gado M. H., Eichling J. O., Hughes C. P. Cerebral blood flow, oxygen utilization, and blood volume in dementia. Neurology. 1977 Oct;27(10):905–910. doi: 10.1212/wnl.27.10.905. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hachinski V. C., Iliff L. D., Zilhka E., Du Boulay G. H., McAllister V. L., Marshall J., Russell R. W., Symon L. Cerebral blood flow in dementia. Arch Neurol. 1975 Sep;32(9):632–637. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1975.00490510088009. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hakim S., Adams R. D. The special clinical problem of symptomatic hydrocephalus with normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Observations on cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics. J Neurol Sci. 1965 Jul-Aug;2(4):307–327. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(65)90016-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hughes C. P., Siegel B. A., Coxe W. S., Gado M. H., Grubb R. L., Coleman R. E., Berg L. Adult idiopathic communicating hydrocephalus with and without shunting. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1978 Nov;41(11):961–971. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.41.11.961. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Katzman R., Hussey F. A simple constant-infusion manometric test for measurement of CSF absorption. I. Rationale and method. Neurology. 1970 Jun;20(6):534–544. doi: 10.1212/wnl.20.6.534. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LeMay M., Hochberg F. H. Ventricular differences between hydrostatic hydrocephalus and hydrocephalus ex vacuo by computed tomography. Neuroradiology. 1979 Apr 26;17(4):191–195. doi: 10.1007/BF00342746. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LeMay M., New P. F. Radiological diagnosis of occult normal-pressure hydrocephalus. Radiology. 1970 Aug;96(2):347–358. doi: 10.1148/96.2.347. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Magnaes B. Communicating hydrocephalus in adults. Diagnostic tests and results of treatment with medium pressure shunts. Neurology. 1978 May;28(5):478–484. doi: 10.1212/wnl.28.5.478. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mathew N. T., Meyer J. S., Hartmann A., Ott E. O. Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid-blood flow dynamics. Implications in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in normal pressure hydrocephalus. Arch Neurol. 1975 Oct;32(10):657–664. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1975.00490520027003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Messert B., Baker N. H. Syndrome of progressive spastic ataxia and apraxia associated with occult hydrocephalus. Neurology. 1966 May;16(5):440–452. doi: 10.1212/wnl.16.5.440. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Miyagami M., Nakamura S., Mukakami T., Koga N., Moriyasu N. Electron microscopic study of ventricular wall and choroid plexus in experimentally-induced hydrocephalic dogs. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 1976;16(PT1):15–21. doi: 10.2176/nmc.16pt1.15. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Salmon J. H., Timperman A. L. Effect of intracranial hypotension on cerebral blood flow. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1971 Dec;34(6):687–692. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.34.6.687. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tans J. T. Differentiation of normal pressure hydrocephalus and cerebral atrophy by computed tomography and spinal infusion test. J Neurol. 1979;222(2):109–118. doi: 10.1007/BF00313004. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weller R. O., Wiśniewski H., Shulman K., Terry R. D. Experimental hydrocephalus in young dogs: histological and ultrastructural study of the brain tissue damage. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1971 Oct;30(4):613–626. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wood J. H., Bartlet D., James A. E., Jr, Udvarhelyi G. B. Normal-pressure hydrocephalus: diagnosis and patient selection for shunt surgery. Neurology. 1974 Jun;24(6):517–526. doi: 10.1212/wnl.24.6.517. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]