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. 2016 Jun 21;326:10–21. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.058

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Typical and Atypical CR-positive neurons respond differently to neuromodulators. (A–C) Left traces show representative recordings from Typical and Atypical CR+ neurons during bath application (black bar above traces) of noradrenaline (NA – 20 μM), serotonin (5HT – 10 μM), and enkephalin (10 μM), respectively. Middle plots compare group data for peak membrane current amplitude during neuromodulator exposure in both neuron types. Right plots compare neuromodulator effects on neuronal input resistance. (A) Noradrenaline exposure evoked outward currents and reduced input resistance in all Typical CR+ neurons but had no effect in Atypical CR+ neurons. (B) Serotonin exposure evoked outward currents and reduced input resistance in most Typical CR+ neurons but had no effect on Atypical CR+ neurons. (C) Enkephalin exposure evoked outward currents and reduced input resistance in all Atypical CR+ neurons, but not in Typical CR+ neurons (filled symbols). The opioid receptor agonists DAMGO (shaded symbols) and DADLE (open symbols) also evoked outward currents in Atypical but not in Typical CR+ neurons. These experiments indicate Atypical CR+ neurons express mu- and delta-opioid receptors.