Table 5.

Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model for IASs

Characteristic	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P value
Physician quartile (per quartile)	1.01 (0.77, 1.32)	0.958
Age (per 5 years)	0.91 (0.83, 0.99)	0.028
Programming zones (dual vs. single)	0.44 (0.24, 0.82)	0.010
NYHA class (II–IV vs. I)	2.09 (1.13, 3.88)	0.020