Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry logoLink to Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
. 1970 Jun;33(3):358–362. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.33.3.358

A critical review of evidence concerning long-loop reflexes excited by muscle afferents in man

M Michael Gassel 1,1
PMCID: PMC493479  PMID: 4247000

Abstract

It is the thesis of this review that the origin of the intercurrent facilitation at 50 to 400 msec in the standard recovery curve of the H reflex, evoked with paired stimuli, is a complex. It is composed importantly of central feedback effects from the conditioning reflex contraction, influences mediated by cutaneous group III afferent nerve fibres excited by the percutaneous stimulus, and with a possible additional modest contribution by long-loop, spino-bulbo-spinal influences.

Full text

PDF
358

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ashworth B., Grimby L., Kugelberg E. Comparison of voluntary and reflex activation of motor units. Functional organization of motor neurones. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1967 Apr;30(2):91–98. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.30.2.91. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BIANCONI R., GRANIT R., REIS D. J. THE EFFECTS OF EXTENSOR MUSCLE SPINDLES AND TENDON ORGANS ON HOMONYMOUS MOTONEURONES IN RELATION TO GAMMA-BIAS AND CURARIZATION. Acta Physiol Scand. 1964 Aug;61:331–347. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Diamantopoulos E., Zander Olsen P. Excitability of motor neurones in spinal shock in man. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1967 Oct;30(5):427–431. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.30.5.427. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. GASSEL M. M., DIAMANTOPOULOS E. THE EFFECT OF PROCAINE NERVE BLOCK ON NEUROMUSCULAR REFLEX REGULATION IN MAN. AN APPRAISAL OF THE ROLE OF THE FUSIMOTOR SYSTEM. Brain. 1964 Dec;87:729–742. doi: 10.1093/brain/87.4.729. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. GASSEL M. M., MARCHIAFAVA P. L., POMPEIANO O. TONIC AND PHASIC INHIBITION OF SPINAL REFLEXES DURING DEEP, DESYNCHRONIZED SLEEP IN UNRESTRAINED CATS. Arch Ital Biol. 1964 Jul;102:471–479. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. GERNANDT B. E., MEGIRIAN D. Ascending propriospinal mechanisms. J Neurophysiol. 1961 Jul;24:364–376. doi: 10.1152/jn.1961.24.4.364. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. GERNANDT B. E., SHIMAMURA M. Mechanisms of interlimb reflexes in cat. J Neurophysiol. 1961 Nov;24:665–676. doi: 10.1152/jn.1961.24.6.665. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gassel M. M. The role of skin areas adjacent to extensor muscles in motor neurone excitability: evidence bearing on the physiology of Babinski's response. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1970 Feb;33(1):121–126. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.33.1.121. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. KUGELBERG E., EKLUND K., GRIMBY L. An electromyographic study of the nociceptive reflexes of the lower limb. Mechanism of the plantar responses. Brain. 1960 Sep;83:394–410. doi: 10.1093/brain/83.3.394. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. LANGUTH H. W., TEASDALL R. D., MAGLADERY J. W. Electrophysiological studies of reflex activity in patients with lesions of the nervous system. III. Motoneurone excitability following afferent nerve volleys in patients with rostrally adjacent spinal cord damage. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 1952 Oct;91(4):257–passim. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. MAGLADERY J. W. Some observations on spinal reflexes in man. Pflugers Arch. 1955;261(4):302–321. doi: 10.1007/BF00364122. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Olsen P. Z., Diamantopoulos E. Excitability of spinal motor neurones in normal subjects and patients with spasticity, Parkinsonian rigidity, and cerebellar hypotonia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1967 Aug;30(4):325–331. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.30.4.325. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. SHIMAMURA M., LIVINGSTON R. B. Longitudinal conduction systems serving spinal and brain-stem coordination. J Neurophysiol. 1963 Mar;26:258–272. doi: 10.1152/jn.1963.26.2.258. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. SHIMAMURA M., MORI S., MATSUSHIMA S., FUJIMORI B. ON THE SPINO-BULBO-SPINAL REFLEX IN DOGS, MONKEYS AND MAN. Jpn J Physiol. 1964 Aug 15;14:411–421. doi: 10.2170/jjphysiol.14.411. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Taborikova H., Provini L., Decandia M. Evidence that muscle stretch long-loop reflexes from higher centres. Brain Res. 1966 Aug;2(2):192–194. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(66)90026-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. WEAVER R. A., LANDAU W. M., HIGGINS J. F. FUSIMOTOR FUNCTION. II. EVIDENCE OF FUSIMOTOR DEPRESSION IN HUMAN SPINAL SHOCK. Arch Neurol. 1963 Aug;9:127–132. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1963.00460080037004. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Yap C. B. Spinal segmental and long-loop reflexes on spinal motoneurone excitability in spasticity and rigidity. Brain. 1967 Dec;90(4):887–896. doi: 10.1093/brain/90.4.887. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES