Table 1.
Weighted percentage(SE) | % Receiving prescription opioids | OR | 95 % CI | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year (1996 to 2012) | 2.86 | 1.01 | 0.99 –1.02 | 0.34 | |
Age (year) | |||||
0–5 | 29.1 (0.2) | 1.72 | (ref) | ||
6–11 | 35.2 (0.2) | 2.02 | 1.19 | 1.06 –1.34 | 0.004 |
12–17 | 35.7(0.3) | 4.61 | 2.79 | 2.49 –3.11 | <.001 |
Sex | |||||
Male | 51.2 (0.2) | 2.94 | (ref) | ||
Female | 48.8 (0.2) | 2.77 | 0.93 | 0.86 –1.02 | 0.11 |
Race/Ethnicity | |||||
White | 59.2 (0.8) | 3.47 | (ref) | ||
Black | 14.9 (0.5) | 2.13 | 0.56 | 0.49 –0.63 | <.001 |
Hispanic | 19.4 (0.7) | 1.81 | 0.50 | 0.43 –0.57 | <.001 |
Other | 6.2 (0.1) | 1.92 | 0.54 | 0.43 –0.68 | <.001 |
Insurance | |||||
Any private | 64.8 (0.6) | 3.06 | (ref) | ||
Public only | 27.9 (0.5) | 2.76 | 1.08 | 0.97 –1.19 | 0.16 |
Uninsured | 7.3 (0.2) | 1.44 | 0.45 | 0.36 –0.56 | <.001 |
Region | |||||
Northeast | 17.3 (0.7) | 2.06 | (ref) | ||
Midwest | 22.3 (0.8) | 3.06 | 1.44 | 1.22 –1.71 | <.001 |
South | 36.1 (1.0) | 3.11 | 1.65 | 1.42 –1.93 | <.001 |
West | 24.2 (1.0) | 2.86 | 1.62 | 1.35 –1.95 | <.001 |
MSA | |||||
Non-MSA | 16.9 (0.7) | 3.57 | (ref) | ||
MSA | 83.1 (0.7) | 2.71 | 0.89 | 0.79 –1.01 | 0.07 |
Physical Health | |||||
Excellent | 50.1 (0.4) | 2.35 | (ref) | ||
Very Good | 30.6 (0.3) | 2.96 | 1.44 | 1.27 –1.64 | <.001 |
Good | 16.7 (0.3) | 3.66 | 1.81 | 1.56 –2.09 | <.001 |
Fair | 2.1 (0.1) | 6.19 | 3.13 | 2.47 –3.98 | <.001 |
Poor | 0.3 (0.0) | 7.94 | 4.18 | 2.67 –6.55 | <.001 |
Mental Health | |||||
Excellent | 53.9 (0.4) | 2.52 | (ref) | ||
Very Good | 28.1 (0.3) | 2.88 | 0.85 | 0.75 –0.97 | 0.01 |
Good | 15.5 (0.3) | 3.65 | 0.89 | 0.76 –1.05 | 0.18 |
Fair | 2.0 (0.1) | 5.14 | 0.94 | 0.73 –1.20 | 0.61 |
Poor | 0.4 (0.0) | 4.5 | 0.65 | 0.42 –1.00 | 0.05 |
SE: standard error.
All years (1996–2012) included for analysis; odds ratio for year represents linear test for trend across 16 years