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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: AIDS. 2016 Jun 1;30(9):1327–1339. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001092

Table 2.

Adjusted associations between circulating biomarkers and pulmonary function testing in HIV-infected and uninfected participants

IL-6 HIV-infected HIV-uninfected p-int HIV
beta p-value beta p-value
FEV1%predicted, post-BD −0.24 0.01 −0.20 0.01 0.6
FEV1/FVC ratio, post-BD −0.13 0.2 0.02 0.8 0.3
DLCO %predicted −0.35 <0.001 −0.37 <0.001 0.7
OR p-value OR p-value
FEV1/FVC < 70%, post-BD 1.04 0.09 1.0 0.9 0.2
Positive BD response 1.06 0.051 1.0 0.9 0.1
IL-8
beta p-value beta p-value
FEV1%predicted, post-BD −0.17 0.06 0.05 0.6 0.08
FEV1/FVC ratio, post-BD −0.16 0.08 0.04 0.7 0.1
DLCO %predicted −0.12 0.2 0.0 n/a 0.3
OR p-value OR p-value
FEV1/FVC < 70%, post-BD 2.4 0.1 1.0 0.9 0.3
Positive BD response 1.8 0.4 1.3 0.8 0.8
TNF-α
beta p-value beta p-value
FEV1%predicted, post-BD −0.18 0.07 −0.05 0.5 0.3
FEV1/FVC ratio, post-BD −0.04 0.7 0.10 0.2 0.3
DLCO %predicted −0.38 <0.001 −0.32 <0.001 0.6
OR p-value OR p-value
FEV1/FVC < 70%, post-BD 1.01 0.2 1.0 0.9 0.3
Positive BD response 1.02 0.03 1.0 0.6 0.06
LPS
beta p-value beta p-value
FEV1%predicted, post-BD 0.07 0.5 −0.06 0.5 0.5
FEV1/FVC ratio, post-BD 0.07 0.5 −0.01 0.9 0.7
DLCO %predicted −0.19 0.03 −0.24 0.004 0.9
OR p-value OR p-value
FEV1/FVC < 70%, post-BD 0.7 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.7
Positive BD response 1.2 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.8
sCD14
beta p-value beta p-value
FEV1%predicted, post-BD −0.08 0.5 −0.11 0.2 0.7
FEV1/FVC ratio, post-BD −0.12 0.2 0.04 0.6 0.2
DLCO %predicted −0.06 0.5 −0.05 0.5 0.9
OR p-value OR p-value
FEV1/FVC < 70%, post-BD 2.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.2
Positive BD response 0.2 0.09 0.6 0.7 0.5
sCD163
beta p-value beta p-value
FEV1%predicted, post-BD −0.13 0.2 −0.12 0.2 0.8
FEV1/FVC ratio, post-BD −0.23 0.01 −0.07 0.4 0.2
DLCO %predicted −0.18 0.04 −0.15 0.07 0.6
OR p-value OR p-value
FEV1/FVC < 70%, post-BD 3.8 0.06 1.2 0.7 0.2
Positive BD response 4.9 0.04 0.6 0.5 0.05
IL-2sRα
beta p-value beta p-value
FEV1%predicted, post-BD −0.12 0.2 −0.20 0.02 0.4
FEV1/FVC ratio, post-BD −0.04 0.6 −0.07 0.4 0.8
DLCO %predicted −0.25 0.005 −0.24 0.004 0.9
OR p-value OR p-value
FEV1/FVC < 70%, post-BD 1.4 0.6 1.6 0.5 0.9
Positive BD response 1.4 0.6 1.4 0.7 0.9
ET-1
beta p-value beta p-value
FEV1%predicted, post-BD −0.36 <0.001 −0.04 0.6 0.003
FEV1/FVC ratio, post-BD −0.14 0.1 −0.11 0.2 0.8
DLCO %predicted −0.32 <0.001 −0.07 0.4 0.02
OR p-value OR p-value
FEV1/FVC < 70%, post-BD 4.8 0.04 1.9 0.3 0.3
Positive BD response 7.6 0.03 4.9 0.053 0.8

BD: bronchodilator, DLCO: diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, ET-1: endothelin-1, FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second, FVC: forced vital capacity, IL: interleukin, IL-2sRα: IL-2 soluble receptor alpha, LPS: lipopolysaccharide, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alpha

p-int HIV: p-value for interaction of biomarker and HIV status with pulmonary function outcome