. 2016 Jun 25;8(7):392. doi: 10.3390/nu8070392

Table 1.

Means and pairwise comparisons for oxygen consumption, total carbohydrate oxidation, and fat oxidation during steady state exercise.

Mean			VO₂ (L∙min⁻¹)	CHO Oxidation (g∙min⁻¹)	Fat Oxidation (g∙min⁻¹)
Rest	G		0.33 (23.5)	0.22 (58.6)	0.07 (82.1)
	Iso HMS		0.33 (7.9)	0.11 (89.6)	0.12 (23.8)
	Low HMS		0.32 (14.7)	0.09 (144.5)	0.12 (49.6)
Exercise	G		2.51 (9.0)	1.95 (8.7)	0.44 (40.6)
	Iso HMS		2.46 (9.3)	1.58 (21.0)	0.58 (34.7)
	Low HMS		2.48 (10.0)	1.60 (23.3)	0.56 (38.4)
Relative Difference (%); ±90% Confidence Interval *
Rest	Low HMS–G	Mean effect	−2.2; ±11.2	−144.7; ±162.7	38.2; ±17.1
	Low HMS–G	Inference	unclear	very likely large	very likely moderate
	Iso HMS–G	Mean effect	−0.9; ±10.9	−48.9; ±21.4	64.0; ±62.2
	Iso HMS–G	Inference	unclear	very likely moderate	very likely moderate
	Iso HMS–Low HMS	Mean effect	1.3; ±7.6	48.1; ±127.7	1.5; ±27.2
	Iso HMS–Low HMS	Inference	unclear	unclear	unclear
Exercise	Low HMS–G	Mean effect	−1.2; ±3.0	−22.1; ±12.9	20.9; ±16.1
	Low HMS–G	Inference	possibly trivial	very likely very large	likely moderate
	Iso HMS–G	Mean effect	−2.1; ±2.3	−19.2; ±7.6	31.6; ±20.1
	Iso HMS–G	Inference	possibly small	most likely very large	very likely moderate
	Iso HMS–Low HMS	Mean effect	−1.0; ±1.9	−1.4; ±12.8	4.1; ±22.1
	Iso HMS–Low HMS	Inference	likely trivial	unclear	unclear

Note: Data for mean responses is presented as mean (CV). Exercise data was collected during 0–60 min of exercise. G, a glucose and sucrose-based supplement; Low HMS, low dose of hydrothermally-modified starch; Iso HMS, an isocaloric dose (relative to G) of hydrothermally-modified starch; CHO, carbohydrate. * Determination of inferences and effect sizes is described in the methods section.