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International Journal of Molecular Sciences logoLink to International Journal of Molecular Sciences
. 2016 Jul 4;17(7):1021. doi: 10.3390/ijms17071021

Retraction: A. Amedei et al. Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of Cytokines in Pathogenesis and in Therapies. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 13438–13460

International Journal of Molecular Sciences Editorial Office1
PMCID: PMC4964397  PMID: 27384554

We have been made aware that the title paper [1] contains text taken verbatim from previously published articles by Shyi-Jou Chen et al. [2] and Ghislain Opdenakker and Jo Van Damme [3]. MDPI is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics and takes the responsibility to enforce strict ethical policies and standards very seriously. To ensure the addition of only high quality scientific works to the field of scholarly publication, paper [1] is retracted and shall be marked accordingly. We apologize to our readership that this went undetected until now.

References

  • 1.Amedei A., Prisco D., D’Elios M.M. Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of Cytokines in Pathogenesis and in Therapies. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012;13:13438–13460. doi: 10.3390/ijms131013438. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] [Retracted]
  • 2.Chen S.-J., Wang Y.-L., Fan H.-C., Lo W.-T., Wang C.-C., Sytwu H.-K. Current Status of the Immunomodulation and Immunomediated Therapeutic Strategies for Multiple Sclerosis. Clin. Dev. Immunol. 2012;2012:1021. doi: 10.1155/2012/970789. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 3.Opdenakker G., van Damme J. Probing Cytokines, Chemokines and Matrix Metalloproteinases towards Better Immunotherapies of Multiple Sclerosis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2011;22:359–365. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2011.11.005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

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