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. 2015 Aug;46(2):578. doi: 10.1183/13993003.50708-2012

“Contact investigation for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.” Gregory J. Fox, Simone E. Barry, Warwick J. Britton and Guy B. Marks. Eur Respir J 2013; 41: 140–156.

PMCID: PMC4975048  PMID: 26232485

Table 2 of this article was originally published with an incorrect column heading: the column headed “Contacts with active TB” should have the heading “Contacts with latent TB infection”. The corrected table is presented below and the online version of this article has been amended to reflect this correction.

TABLE 2.

Prevalence of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection in the contacts of TB patients in low−middle- and high-income countries

Included studies Contacts with latent TB infection Contacts screened Proportion% 95% CI τ2 I2
Low−middle income
 All ages
  All# 76 35788 60557 51.5 47.1−55.8 0.58 98.9
  Index patient smear positive 51 19003 33875 52.9 48.9−56.8 0.32 97.7
  Index patient with HIV 12 1138 2376 45.7 38.7−52.9 0.22 90.9
  Index patient XDR/MDR-TB 6 431 684 61.3 39.1−79.6 1.21 95.2
  Household contacts 73 23577 49512 45.4 40.7−50.2 0.69 98.4
  All close contacts 73 23577 49643 45.3 40.6−50.1 0.69 98.4
  Contacts with HIV infection 8 123 247 53.5 40.6−66.0 0.36 71.4
 ≤5 yrs 33 5102 12389 35.5 30.3−41.1 0.42 96.6
 5−14 yrs 21 6587 11123 53.1 42.0−63.9 1.05 98.6
 ≥15 yrs 10 11980 14057 65.3 35.5−86.5 3.80 99.6
High income
 All ages
  All 92 79511 284505 28.1 24.2−32.4 0.99 99.5
  Index patient smear positive 34 25910 78784 34.8 27.6−42.7 0.96 99.1
  Index patient with HIV 1 131 363 36.0 31.2−41.0 0.00
  Index patient XDR/MDR-TB 2 287 554 52.6 49.5−55.7 0.00
  Household contacts 33 20960 67175 30.0 21.3−40.5 1.80 99.6
  All close contacts 29 20213 68738 28.0 18.9−39.4 1.96 99.6
  Casual contacts only 7 5779 27383 18.7 11.8−28.5 0.52 99.4
  Contacts with HIV infection 3 28 151 25.0 11.4−46.4 0.53 86.6
 ≤5 yrs 17 2093 6900 16.3 9.2−27.0 1.73 99.2
 5−14 yrs 10 1407 4871 18.4 11.8−27.5 0.64 98.4
 ≥15 yrs 8 6221 12633 41.9 30.5−54.2 0.50 99.4

Data are presented as n, unless otherwise stated. XDR: extensively drug resistant; MDR: multidrug resistant. World Bank Income Gross National Income per capita: low income (≤$1,005 per yr); lower-middle income ($1,006 to $3,975 per yr); upper-middle income ($3,976 to $12,275 per yr); high income (≥12,276 per yr) [22]. #: [9, 32, 34, 36–39, 41–43, 48, 49, 52, 55, 57–60, 62–67, 69, 71, 73, 74, 77–79, 81, 83–89, 91, 93–95, 97–101, 185–187, 194–196, 199–201 203–215]; : [10, 28, 30, 31, 102, 103, 105, 107, 109–111, 115, 116, 119, 121–125, 128–138, 142–145, 147–157, 159–184, 188, 189, 193, 202, 216–233].


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