Abstract
Over the past decade interest in and knowledge about the role of platelets in the haemostatic process and in various pathological conditions has continued to grow. The scope of laboratory methodology to investigate platelet function in clinical haemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders in the specialised haemostasis unit has also proportionally widened. After highlighting the physiological processes of the role of platelets in the haemostatic mechanism this brief review comments critically on the available routine techniques used to study platelet function in patients who present primarily with a bleeding tendency.
Full text
PDF











Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Born G. V., Bergquist D., Arfors K. E. Evidence for inhibition of platelet activation in blood by a drug effect on erythrocytes. Nature. 1976 Jan 22;259(5540):233–235. doi: 10.1038/259233a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chignard M., Le Couedic J. P., Vargaftig B. B., Benveniste J. Platelet-activating factor (PAF-acether) secretion from platelets: effect of aggregating agents. Br J Haematol. 1980 Nov;46(3):455–464. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1980.tb05993.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- David J. L., Herion F. Assay of platelet ATP and ADP by the luciferase method: some theoretical and practical aspects. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1972;34:341–354. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3231-2_23. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Defreyn G., Machin S. J., Carreras L. O., Dauden M. V., Chamone D. A., Vermylen J. Familial bleeding tendency with partial platelet thromboxane synthetase deficiency: reorientation of cyclic endoperoxide metabolism. Br J Haematol. 1981 Sep;49(1):29–41. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1981.tb07194.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Feinstein M. B., Becker E. L., Fraser C. Thrombin, collagen and A23187 stimulated endogenous platelet arachidonate metabolism: differential inhibition by PGE1, local anesthetics and a serine-protease inhibitor. Prostaglandins. 1977;14(6):1075–1093. doi: 10.1016/0090-6980(77)90286-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Giddings J. C., Peake I. R. Laboratory support in the diagnosis of coagulation disorders. Clin Haematol. 1985 Jun;14(2):571–595. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gresele P., Zoja C., Deckmyn H., Arnout J., Vermylen J., Verstraete M. Dipyridamole inhibits platelet aggregation in whole blood. Thromb Haemost. 1983 Dec 30;50(4):852–856. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hardisty R. M., Machin S. J., Nokes T. J., Rink T. J., Smith S. W. A new congenital defect of platelet secretion: impaired responsiveness of the platelets to cytoplasmic free calcium. Br J Haematol. 1983 Apr;53(4):543–557. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1983.tb07306.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harker L. A., Slichter S. J. Platelet and fibrinogen consumption in man. N Engl J Med. 1972 Nov 16;287(20):999–1005. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197211162872001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Howard M. A., Firkin B. G. Ristocetin--a new tool in the investigation of platelet aggregation. Thromb Diath Haemorrh. 1971 Oct 31;26(2):362–369. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ludlam C. A., Moore S., Bolton A. E., Pepper D. S., Cash J. D. The release of a human platelet specific protein measured by a radioimmunoassay. Thromb Res. 1975 Jun;6(6):543–548. doi: 10.1016/0049-3848(75)90066-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lumley P., Humphrey P. P. A method for quantitating platelet aggregation and analyzing drug-receptor interactions on platelets in whole blood in vitro. J Pharmacol Methods. 1981 Sep;6(2):153–166. doi: 10.1016/0160-5402(81)90038-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mackie I. J., Jones R., Machin S. J. Platelet impedance aggregation in whole blood and its inhibition by antiplatelet drugs. J Clin Pathol. 1984 Aug;37(8):874–878. doi: 10.1136/jcp.37.8.874. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mills D. C., Roberts G. C. Effects of adrenaline on human blood platelets. J Physiol. 1967 Nov;193(2):443–453. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1967.sp008369. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Montgomery R. R., Kunicki T. J., Taves C., Pidard D., Corcoran M. Diagnosis of Bernard-Soulier syndrome and Glanzmann's thrombasthenia with a monoclonal assay on whole blood. J Clin Invest. 1983 Feb;71(2):385–389. doi: 10.1172/JCI110780. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Packham M. A., Mustard J. F. Clinical pharmacology of platelets. Blood. 1977 Oct;50(4):555–573. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Parry D. H., Giddings J. C., Bloom A. L. Familial haemostatic defect associated with reduced prothrombin consumption. Br J Haematol. 1980 Feb;44(2):323–334. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1980.tb01215.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Poller L., Thomson J. M., Tomenson J. A. The bleeding time: current practice in the UK. Clin Lab Haematol. 1984;6(4):369–373. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2257.1984.tb00564.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rao A. K., Walsh P. N. Acquired qualitative platelet disorders. Clin Haematol. 1983 Feb;12(1):201–238. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rink T. J., Smith S. W., Tsien R. Y. Cytoplasmic free Ca2+ in human platelets: Ca2+ thresholds and Ca-independent activation for shape-change and secretion. FEBS Lett. 1982 Nov 1;148(1):21–26. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(82)81234-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rosing J., van Rijn J. L., Bevers E. M., van Dieijen G., Comfurius P., Zwaal R. F. The role of activated human platelets in prothrombin and factor X activation. Blood. 1985 Feb;65(2):319–332. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ross R., Glomset J., Kariya B., Harker L. A platelet-dependent serum factor that stimulates the proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Apr;71(4):1207–1210. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.4.1207. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rossi E. C., Lousi G. A time-dependent increase in the responsiveness of platelet-rich plasma to epinephrine. J Lab Clin Med. 1975 Feb;85(2):300–306. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Scrutton M. C., Clare K. A., Hutton R. A., Bruckdorfer K. R. Depressed responsiveness to adrenaline in platelets from apparently normal human donors: a familial trait. Br J Haematol. 1981 Oct;49(2):303–314. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1981.tb07227.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sixma J. J., Wester J. The hemostatic plug. Semin Hematol. 1977 Jul;14(3):265–299. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Summerfield G. P., Keenan J. P., Brodie N. J., Bellingham A. J. Bioluminescent assay of adenine nucleotides: rapid analysis of ATP and ADP in red cells and platelets using the LKB luminometer. Clin Lab Haematol. 1981;3(3):257–271. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2257.1981.tb01340.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thorgeirsson G., Robertson A. L., Jr The vascular endothelium-pathobiologic significance. Am J Pathol. 1978 Dec;93(3):803–848. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tsien R. Y., Pozzan T., Rink T. J. Calcium homeostasis in intact lymphocytes: cytoplasmic free calcium monitored with a new, intracellularly trapped fluorescent indicator. J Cell Biol. 1982 Aug;94(2):325–334. doi: 10.1083/jcb.94.2.325. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vermylen J., Badenhorst P. N., Deckmyn H., Arnout J. Normal mechanisms of platelet function. Clin Haematol. 1983 Feb;12(1):107–151. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weiss H. J., Hoyer L. W., Rickles F. R., Varma A., Rogers J. Quantitative assay of a plasma factor deficient in von Willebrand's disease that is necessary for platelet aggregation. Relationship to factor VIII procoagulant activity and antigen content. J Clin Invest. 1973 Nov;52(11):2708–2716. doi: 10.1172/JCI107465. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- White G. C., 2nd Calcium-dependent proteins in platelets: response of calcium-activated protease in normal and thrombasthenic platelets to aggregating agents. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1980 Aug 1;631(1):130–138. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(80)90061-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Whittle B. J., Moncada S. Pharmacological interactions between prostacyclin and thromboxanes. Br Med Bull. 1983 Jul;39(3):232–238. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071825. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zimmerman T. S., Ruggeri Z. M. von Willebrand's Disease. Clin Haematol. 1983 Feb;12(1):175–200. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zucker M. B., Broekman M. J., Kaplan K. L. Factor VIII-related antigen in human blood platelets: localization and release by thrombin and collagen. J Lab Clin Med. 1979 Nov;94(5):675–682. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zwaal R. F., Hemker H. C. Blood cell membranes and haemostasis. Haemostasis. 1982;11(1):12–39. doi: 10.1159/000214638. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]