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. 1992 Oct 15;89(20):9499–9503. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.20.9499

The repressor MDBP-2 is a member of the histone H1 family that binds preferentially in vitro and in vivo to methylated nonspecific DNA sequences.

J P Jost 1, J Hofsteenge 1
PMCID: PMC50159  PMID: 1409659

Abstract

MDBP-2 is a repressor that binds preferentially to methylated DNA. Peptides derived from MDBP-2 were sequenced. The sequences of the two peptides, KPAGPS-VTELITK and ALAAGGYDVEK, are identical to those found in the chicken histone H1 core protein. In SDS/polyacrylamide gels MDBP-2 has an apparent molecular mass of 21 kDa, and antibodies directed against calf thymus total histone H1 cross-react with MDBP-2. The preferential binding of affinity-purified MDBP-2 to methylated DNA is not sequence-specific but requires a minimum length of 30 base pairs and one pair of symmetrically methylated (i.e., methylated on both strands) CpG dinucleotides. As previously shown, there is a decrease in the binding activity of MDBP-2 to methylated DNA upon estradiol treatment. Immunoblots show that upon estradiol treatment the amount of immunocrossreacting MDBP-2 protein remains unchanged. MDBP-2 enables another protein to bind DNA which by itself does not bind methylated DNA. Ultraviolet crosslinking and selective immunoadsorption assays with anti-histone H1 antibodies show that in vivo MDBP-2 preferentially binds to the methylated repressed vitellogenin gene. It is concluded that MDBP-2 may participate in the long-term silencing of genes (formation of heterochromatin) through selective binding to methylated DNA.

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