Table 3.

Stroke Risk Stratification Schemes for Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

CHADS2378	CHA2DS2-VASc379
Scoring system   Congestive heart failure–1 point   Hypertension–1 point   Age ≥75 y–1 point   Diabetes mellitus–1 point   Stroke/TIA–2 points   Risk scores range: 0–6 points  Levels of risk for thromboembolic stroke   Low risk for stroke=0 points   Moderate risk=1 point   High risk ≥2 points	Scoring system   Congestive heart failure–1 point   Hypertension–1 point   Age 65–74 y–1 point    ≥75 y–2 points   Diabetes mellitus–1 point   Stroke/TIA–2 points   Vascular disease (eg, peripheral artery disease, myocardial infarction, aortic plaque)–1 point   Female sex–1 point   Risk scores range: 0–9 points  Levels of risk for thromboembolic stroke   Low risk=0 points   Moderate risk=1 point   High risk ≥2 points
ACCP treatment guidelines based on estimated risk for thromboembolic stroke380	HAS-BLED381
Low risk: no therapy  Moderate risk: OAC  High risk: OAC	Hypertension–1 point  Abnormal renal function–1 point  Abnormal liver function–1 point  Prior stroke–1 point  Prior major bleeding or bleeding predisposition–1 point  INR in therapeutic range <60% of time–1 point  Age >65 y–1 point  Use of antiplatelet or nonsteroidal drugs–1 point  Excessive alcohol use–1 point  Risk scores range: 0–9 points  Score >2 associated with clinically relevant and major bleeding.382

ACCP indicates American College of Chest Physicians; INR, international normalized ratio; OAC, oral anticoagulation; and TIA, transient ischemic attack.