Table 1.
Mean scores for stigma, stress appraised and social constraints across sociodemographic and smoking variables (n = 151)
| Stigma shame mean (SD)a | Discrimination mean (SD)a | Social isolation mean (SD)a | Smoking mean (SD)a | Challenge appraisal mean (SD) | Threat appraisal mean (SD) | Social constraints mean (SD) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||||||
| Male (n = 78) | 15.9 (4.6) | 9.3 (2.9) | 12.7 (4.1) | 11.0 (3.4) | 3.5 (1.0) | 2.6 (1.0) | 1.5 (0.5) |
| Female (n = 73) | 18.0 (6.2) | 10.5 (3.6) | 13.8 (4.8) | 12.3 (3.5) | 3.7 (0.9) | 3.1 (1.0) | 1.7 (0.7) |
| Age at diagnosis | |||||||
| <60 years (n = 40) | 19.0 (6.2) | 11.2 (3.6) | 14.8 (4.3) | 12.3 (3.7) | 3.6 (0.9) | 3.2 (1.1) | 1.9 (0.7) |
| 60–69 years (n = 69) | 16.6 (5.1) | 9.6 (3.2) | 13.2 (4.6) | 11.7 (3.3) | 3.7 (1.0) | 2.8 (1.0) | 1.6 (0.6) |
| 70 years and over (n = 42) | 15.4 (4.9) | 9.1 (2.8) | 11.8 (3.8) | 10.8 (3.7) | 3.5 (1.0) | 2.6 (0.9) | 1.4 (0.5) |
| Highest education | |||||||
| University/college (n = 26) | 18.2 (6.5) | 10.1 (3.4) | 13.7 (5.1) | 11.7 (3.0) | 3.6 (0.9) | 3.0 (1.1) | 1.7 (0.7) |
| Trade/tech/diploma (n = 68) | 17.4 (5.4) | 10.3 (3.4) | 13.5 (4.6) | 11.5 (3.4) | 3.6 (1.0) | 2.9 (1.1) | 1.6 (0.6) |
| No higher education (n = 57) | 15.8 (5.0) | 9.4 (3.2) | 12.6 (3.9) | 11.7 (3.8) | 3.7 (0.9) | 2.8 (1.0) | 1.6 (0.6) |
| Private health insurance | |||||||
| No (n = 76) | 16.6 (5.5) | 9.8 (3.6) | 13.2 (4.9) | 11.3 (3.7) | 3.7 (1.0) | 2.7 (1.1) | 1.6 (0.6) |
| Yes (n = 75) | 17.2 (5.5) | 10.0 (3.1) | 13.3 (4.0) | 11.9 (3.3) | 3.6 (1.0) | 2.9 (1.0) | 1.6 (0.6) |
| Marital status | |||||||
| Not married (n = 42) | 16.8 (5.5) | 10.4 (3.6) | 14.0 (4.7) | 11.6 (3.6) | 3.5 (0.9) | 2.9 (1.0) | 1.6 (0.7) |
| Married/living as married (n = 109) | 17.0 (5.5) | 9.7 (3.2) | 12.9 (4.3) | 11.6 (3.5) | 3.7 (1.0) | 2.8 (1.0) | 1.6 (0.6) |
| Country of birth | |||||||
| Australia (n = 109) | 17.1 (5.6) | 10.0 (3.4) | 13.3 (4.2) | 11.9 (3.5) | 3.7 (1.0) | 2.8 (1.0) | 1.6 (0.6) |
| Overseas (n = 42) | 16.5 (5.1) | 9.7 (3.2) | 13.1 (5.1) | 10.9 (3.4) | 3.4 (0.8) | 2.8 (1.0) | 1.6 (0.6) |
| Lifetime history of smoking | |||||||
| Yes (n = 125) | 16.9 (5.3) | 9.8 (3.1) | 13.2 (4.3) | 11.9 (3.4) | 3.6 (1.0) | 2.8 (1.1) | 1.6 (0.6) |
| No (n = 26) | 17.2 (6.3) | 10.4 (4.3) | 13.5 (5.1) | 10.2 (3.8) | 3.6 (1.0) | 2.8 (0.8) | 1.9 (0.7) |
| Recruitment | |||||||
| Queensland Cancer Registry (n = 95) | 17.0 (5.3) | 9.7 (3.1) | 12.9 (4.0) | 11.7 (3.4) | 3.7 (1.0) | 2.7 (1.0) | 1.6 (0.6) |
| Clinic‐based (n = 56) | 16.8 (5.9) | 10.2 (3.7) | 13.7 (5.1) | 11.5 (3.7) | 3.5 (0.9) | 3.0 (1.0) | 1.7 (0.6) |
SD, standard deviation.
a
Higher mean scores indicate more stigma.